| Gerhard Derflinger | | | | 1964 | Oskar E. Polansky (grad student) |
| Johannes Ludwig Ebert | | | | | |
| Ludwig Ebert | | | | | |
| Frederick R. Eirich | Polymer Science | | 1932 | 1938 | Rudolf Wegscheider (grad student), Wolfgang Joseph Pauli, Sr. (grad student), Herman F. Mark (post-doc) |
| Alfred Engelbrecht | | Anorganische Chemie | | | Erich Hayek (grad student) |
| Adolf Franke | Analytical chemistry | | | 1899 | Adolf Lieben (grad student) |
| Othmar Gabriel | Biochemistry | | | 1954 | Otto Hoffmann-Ostenhof (grad student) |
| Friedrich Galinovsky | alkaloids | | | | Ernst Späth (grad student) |
| Heinrich Jacob Goldschmidt | | | | 1879 | Adolf Lieben (grad student) |
| Rudolf Gottlieb | | | 1887 | 1889 | Ernst Ludwig (post-doc) |
| Philipp Gross | physical and theoretical chemistry | | | | |
| Ernst Alfred Hauser | Colloid chemistry | | | 1921 | Alfons Klemenc (grad student), Rudolf Wegscheider (grad student) |
| Reginald Oliver Herzog | | | | 1901 | Adolf Lieben (grad student) |
| Ludwig Holleck | | | | | Wolf Johannes Müller (grad student) |
| Otto Hromatka | | | | | |
| Percy Lavon Julian | Physostigmine, Steroids | Chemistry | | 1931 | Ernst Späth (grad student) |
| Fiona Lynn Kearns | computational chemistry, free energy simulations, biophysical simulations | Department of Computational Biological Chemistry | 2014 | 2019 | Stefan Boresch (research assistant) |
| Joseph P. Kennedy | | | | 1954 | Otto Hoffmann-Ostenhof (grad student) |
| Otto Kratky | biological macromolecules and colloids | | 1933 | 1937 | Herman F. Mark (research scientist) |
| Karl Landsteiner | Hematology, biochemistry | | 1898 | 1908 | Anton Weichselbaum (research scientist), Max von Gruber (research scientist), Ernst Ludwig (grad student) |
| Herman F. Mark | Polymers | | | | |
| Carl Friedrich Christian Mohs | | | | | |
| Wolf Johannes Müller | | | | | |
| Adolf Neckel | | | | 1954 | Ludwig Ebert (grad student) |
| Fritz Paneth | | | | 1910 | Zdenko Hans Skraup (grad student) |
| Albrecht Penck | Ice Age research | | | | |
| Max F. Perutz | proteins | | | 1936 | Herman F. Mark (research assistant) |
| Josef Redtenbacher | | | | | |
| Fritz Sauter | | | | 1957 | Otto Hromatka (grad student) |
| Sven Schenk | lipoprotein, polychaete, crayfish, tarantula, oocytes, eleocytes | | | | |
| Christa Schleper | | | | | |
| Nina Schützenmeister | | | | | |
| Karlheinz Schwarz | | | | 1968 | Adolf Neckel (grad student) |
| Zdenko Hans Skraup | | | 1873 | 1879 | Adolf Lieben (post-doc), Friedrich Rochleder (grad student) |
| Karl Sollner | electrochemistry and colloid physics | | | 1926 | Alfons Klemenc (grad student) |
| Friedrich Adolph August Struve | Pharmacology, inorganic chemistry | | | | Johann Peter Frank (post-doc) |
| Hans Suess | | | | 1936 | Philipp Gross (grad student) |
| Joseph Franz von Jacquin | Botany | | | 1788 | Nikolaus Joseph von Jacquin (grad student) |
| Mariusz Wolff | Inorganic Chemistry, Coordination Chemistry, Spectroscopy, Computational Chemistry | | | | |