2006 — 2010 |
David, Treiman Iasemidis, Leonidas Tsakalis, Konstantinos |
N/AActivity Code Description: No activity code was retrieved: click on the grant title for more information |
Cyber Systems: Closed-Loop Control of Brain Dynamics in Epilepsy @ Arizona State University
Cyber Systems: Closed-Loop Control of Brain Dynamics in Epilepsy
Scope and Intellectual Merit. The objective of this research is to develop feedback controllers for the suppression of epileptic seizures by altering the brain dynamics through the use of electrical stimulation. It is motivated by prior work indicating qualitative similarities between spatial synchronization in networks of coupled nonlinear oscillators and the transition to seizures in the epileptic brain. The approach is to use feedback decoupling control that has been demonstrated in simulation studies to achieve desynchronization of the oscillator dynamics and prevent seizure-like behavior. It relies on suitable for control mathematical models that describe the key input-output relationships between administered electrical stimuli to the brain and selected measures of spatial synchronization of brain dynamics. Systematic experimental and computational procedures will be developed for the design and testing of seizure prevention controllers in animal subjects (epileptic rats).
Broader Benefits. Expected broader benefits range from the solution of nonstandard problems in the control of chaotic systems, to nonlinear signal processing, to yet untapped applications in bioengineering and electrical engineering. Results from this research, if successful, will contribute to new modalities for treatment of epilepsy. Furthermore, this research may provide data for new applications in medicine and neuroscience, and prove to be one essential step towards the control by deep brain stimulation of Parkinsons tremors, migraines, sleep disorders and other brain dynamical disorders. Therefore, the proposed research has the potential to make essential contributions to biomedical technology and the associated economic growth.
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1 |
2011 — 2015 |
Treiman, David Iasemidis, Leonidas Tsakalis, Konstantinos |
N/AActivity Code Description: No activity code was retrieved: click on the grant title for more information |
Epileptogenic Focus Localization and Closed-Loop Control of Brain Dynamics in Epilepsy @ Arizona State University
This project deals with the development of multivariable feedback decoupling controllers for the suppression of epileptic seizures by altering the brain dynamics through the use of deep-brain electrical stimulation. The key enabling concepts are a quantifiable relationship between the epileptic state and measures of brain?s spatial synchronization, and the ability to disrupt this synchronization by means of electrical stimulation.
Intellectual Merit
Prior work with electroencephalographic (EEG) data from epileptic patients and animals has indicated that such measures can be consistent indicators of the epileptic state of the brain and that electrical stimulation has generally beneficial, though not quite consistent effects. The novel idea behind the proposed control strategy is to combine our recent epileptogenic focus localization techniques with real-time delivery of practical stimuli in the form of biphasic, pulse-train-modulated, electrical signals to disentrain the brain. The controller design will rely on control-oriented models, describing the relationships between electrical stimuli and selected measures of spatial brain synchronization. The success of these experiments in rodents with chronic epilepsy, together with the physiological evaluation of the subjects, will provide a quantitative assessment of the effectiveness and possible side effects in the control of seizures, as well as important clues on the validity of the underlying theory about the mechanisms of seizure generation (ictogenesis).
Broader Impacts:
Expected intellectual benefits range from the solution of nonstandard problems in the regime of control of chaotic systems, to yet untapped engineering applications to biological systems. This research, if successful, will contribute to the new treatment modalities of neuromodulation for epilepsy and form a basis for economic growth and reduction of associated medical costs. It may also provide data for new applications in medicine and neuroscience, such as the treatment of Parkinson?s tremors, migraines, sleep disorders and other brain dynamical disorders.
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1 |
2016 — 2020 |
Decoster, Mark (co-PI) [⬀] Murray, Teresa (co-PI) [⬀] Iasemidis, Leonidas Szaflarski, Jerzy Greenfield, L. John Larson-Prior, Linda |
N/AActivity Code Description: No activity code was retrieved: click on the grant title for more information |
Rii Track-2 Fec: Probing and Understanding the Brain: Micro and Macro Dynamics of Seizure and Memory Networks @ Louisiana Tech University
Non-technical Description Twelve researchers across three institutions in three states (Louisiana, Arkansas, and Alabama) will collaborate on this brain research, and develop a foundation for the region as a hub for interdisciplinary, collaborative research activity in the neurosciences. This work will focus on understanding the initiation of epileptic brain seizures and longer-term impacts on brain function such as memory. Epileptic seizures directly impact roughly 1% of humans, and have indirect impacts on loved ones and caregivers as well as economic impacts on society. Epilepsy has been called a ?window to brain function? because the condition impairs different brain functions depending on the location of the seizure in the brain and the impacted network of neurons, and because it provides a unique opportunity to study an impaired brain?s function over time and space. The project will develop minimally invasive implantable sensors that can be used for monitoring before, during, and for several months following seizure events. Researchers will relate changes occurring during seizure events with those observed in the intervals between events. The project includes hiring four new faculty, design and purchase of equipment, development of new undergraduate and graduate courses, recruitment and training of a diverse student population to better reflect the regional community, and new student research and workforce opportunities.
Technical Description The activities of the team across three institutions (Louisiana Tech University, the University of Arkansas, and the University of Alabama) are organized under four thrust areas that focus on recording and analysis of electrical activity, magnetic activity, neurochemical and optical signals, and memory function of the brain. A series of coordinated and synergistic investigations will be conducted using innovative methods and tools designed to probe brain function at the molecular, cellular, and macro levels in epileptic rats and human subjects. Patients with focal epilepsy, during their presurgical evaluation, will undergo implantation of intracranial electroencephalographic (iEEG) electrodes for subsequent long-term (days) recording and monitoring of their spontaneous seizures. Non-invasive magnetoencephalographic (MEG) imaging is also used to provide important complementary information on the electromagnetic activity of the brain. This collaboration will advance research and also result in the creation of unique databases of human and animal data from the participating institutions.
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0.954 |