Michael C. Whitlock, Ph.D. - Publications

Affiliations: 
Zoology University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Vancouver, BC, Canada 

100 high-probability publications. We are testing a new system for linking publications to authors. You can help! If you notice any inaccuracies, please sign in and mark papers as correct or incorrect matches. If you identify any major omissions or other inaccuracies in the publication list, please let us know.

Year Citation  Score
2024 Whiting JR, Booker TR, Rougeux C, Lind BM, Singh P, Lu M, Huang K, Whitlock MC, Aitken SN, Andrew RL, Borevitz JO, Bruhl JJ, Collins TL, Fischer MC, Hodgins KA, et al. The genetic architecture of repeated local adaptation to climate in distantly related plants. Nature Ecology & Evolution. PMID 39187610 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-024-02514-5  0.666
2024 Lind BM, Candido-Ribeiro R, Singh P, Lu M, Obreht Vidakovic D, Booker TR, Whitlock MC, Yeaman S, Isabel N, Aitken SN. How useful are genomic data for predicting maladaptation to future climate? Global Change Biology. 30: e17227. PMID 38558300 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.17227  0.712
2023 do O I, Whitlock MC. The evolution of genetic covariance and modularity as a result of multigenerational environmental fluctuation. Evolution Letters. 7: 457-466. PMID 38045721 DOI: 10.1093/evlett/qrad048  0.411
2023 Booker TR, Yeaman S, Whiting JR, Whitlock MC. The WZA: A window-based method for characterizing genotype-environment association. Molecular Ecology Resources. PMID 36785926 DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.13768  0.595
2022 Booker TR, Yeaman S, Whitlock MC. Using genome scans to identify genes used repeatedly for adaptation. Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. PMID 36626817 DOI: 10.1093/evolut/qpac063  0.577
2022 Grummer JA, Booker TR, Matthey-Doret R, Nietlisbach P, Thomaz AT, Whitlock MC. The immediate costs and long-term benefits of assisted gene flow in large populations. Conservation Biology : the Journal of the Society For Conservation Biology. e13911. PMID 35390208 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.13911  0.822
2021 Grummer JA, Whitlock MC, Schulte PM, Taylor EB. Growth genes are implicated in the evolutionary divergence of sympatric piscivorous and insectivorous rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Bmc Ecology and Evolution. 21: 63. PMID 33888062 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-021-01795-9  0.306
2021 Booker TR, Yeaman S, Whitlock MC. Global adaptation complicates the interpretation of genome scans for local adaptation. Evolution Letters. 5: 4-15. PMID 33552532 DOI: 10.1002/evl3.208  0.659
2021 Byers KA, Booker TR, Combs M, Himsworth CG, Munshi-South J, Patrick DM, Whitlock MC. Using genetic relatedness to understand heterogeneous distributions of urban rat-associated pathogens. Evolutionary Applications. 14: 198-209. PMID 33519965 DOI: 10.1111/Eva.13049  0.313
2020 Matthey-Doret R, Draghi JA, Whitlock MC. Plasticity via feedback reduces the cost of developmental instability. Evolution Letters. 4: 570-580. PMID 33312691 DOI: 10.1002/evl3.202  0.762
2020 Booker TR, Yeaman S, Whitlock MC. Variation in recombination rate affects detection of outliers in genome scans under neutrality. Molecular Ecology. PMID 32535981 DOI: 10.1111/Mec.15501  0.621
2019 Sharp NP, Whitlock MC. No evidence of positive assortative mating for genetic quality in fruit flies. Proceedings. Biological Sciences. 286: 20191474. PMID 31575372 DOI: 10.1098/Rspb.2019.1474  0.782
2019 Matthey-Doret R, Whitlock MC. Background selection and F : consequences for detecting local adaptation. Molecular Ecology. PMID 31349365 DOI: 10.1111/Mec.15197  0.799
2019 Nietlisbach P, Muff S, Reid JM, Whitlock MC, Keller LF. Nonequivalent lethal equivalents: Models and inbreeding metrics for unbiased estimation of inbreeding load. Evolutionary Applications. 12: 266-279. PMID 30697338 DOI: 10.1111/Eva.12713  0.447
2018 Yeaman S, Gerstein AC, Hodgins KA, Whitlock MC. Quantifying how constraints limit the diversity of viable routes to adaptation. Plos Genetics. 14: e1007717. PMID 30296265 DOI: 10.1371/Journal.Pgen.1007717  0.663
2018 Arbuthnott D, Whitlock MC. Environmental stress does not increase the mean strength of selection. Journal of Evolutionary Biology. PMID 29978525 DOI: 10.1111/Jeb.13351  0.371
2017 Conte GL, Hodgins KA, Yeaman S, Degner JC, Aitken SN, Rieseberg LH, Whitlock MC. Bioinformatically predicted deleterious mutations reveal complementation in the interior spruce hybrid complex. Bmc Genomics. 18: 970. PMID 29246191 DOI: 10.1186/S12864-017-4344-8  0.743
2017 Gilbert KJ, Sharp NP, Angert AL, Conte GL, Draghi JA, Guillaume F, Hargreaves AL, Matthey-Doret R, Whitlock MC. Local Adaptation Interacts with Expansion Load during Range Expansion: Maladaptation Reduces Expansion Load. The American Naturalist. 189: 368-380. PMID 28350500 DOI: 10.1086/690673  0.744
2016 Gilbert KJ, Whitlock MC. The genetics of adaptation to discrete heterogeneous environments: Frequent mutation or large effect alleles can allow range expansion. Journal of Evolutionary Biology. PMID 27992089 DOI: 10.1111/Jeb.13029  0.782
2016 Yeaman S, Hodgins KA, Lotterhos KE, Suren H, Nadeau S, Degner JC, Nurkowski KA, Smets P, Wang T, Gray LK, Liepe KJ, Hamann A, Holliday JA, Whitlock MC, Rieseberg LH, et al. Convergent local adaptation to climate in distantly related conifers. Science (New York, N.Y.). 353: 1431-1433. PMID 27708038 DOI: 10.1126/Science.Aaf7812  0.77
2016 Hoban S, Kelley JL, Lotterhos KE, Antolin MF, Bradburd G, Lowry DB, Poss ML, Reed LK, Storfer A, Whitlock MC. Finding the Genomic Basis of Local Adaptation: Pitfalls, Practical Solutions, and Future Directions. The American Naturalist. 188: 379-397. PMID 27622873 DOI: 10.1086/688018  0.501
2015 Whitlock MC. Modern Approaches to Local Adaptation. The American Naturalist. 186: S1-4. PMID 27071207 DOI: 10.1086/682933  0.386
2015 Whitlock MC, Bronstein JL, Bruna EM, Ellison AM, Fox CW, McPeek MA, Moore AJ, Noor MA, Rausher MD, Rieseberg LH, Ritchie MG, Shaw RG. A Balanced Data Archiving Policy for Long-Term Studies. Trends in Ecology & Evolution. PMID 26708957 DOI: 10.1016/J.Tree.2015.12.001  0.453
2015 Whitlock MC, Lotterhos KE. Reliable Detection of Loci Responsible for Local Adaptation: Inference of a Null Model through Trimming the Distribution of FST. The American Naturalist. 186: S24-S36. PMID 26656214 DOI: 10.1086/682949  0.479
2015 Draghi J, Whitlock M. Robustness to noise in gene expression evolves despite epistatic constraints in a model of gene networks. Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. 69: 2345-58. PMID 26200818 DOI: 10.1111/Evo.12732  0.339
2015 Whitlock MC. A clever solution to a vexing problem. Molecular Ecology. 24: 3513-4. PMID 26174126 DOI: 10.1111/Mec.13280  0.449
2015 Gilbert KJ, Whitlock MC. Evaluating methods for estimating local effective population size with and without migration. Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. PMID 26118738 DOI: 10.1111/Evo.12713  0.746
2015 Lotterhos KE, Whitlock MC. The relative power of genome scans to detect local adaptation depends on sampling design and statistical method. Molecular Ecology. 24: 1031-46. PMID 25648189 DOI: 10.1111/Mec.13100  0.389
2015 Draghi J, Whitlock MC. Overdominance interacts with linkage to determine the rate of adaptation to a new optimum. Journal of Evolutionary Biology. 28: 95-104. PMID 25393682 DOI: 10.1111/Jeb.12547  0.492
2015 Gilbert KJ, Whitlock MC. QST-FST comparisons with unbalanced half-sib designs. Molecular Ecology Resources. 15: 262-7. PMID 25042150 DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.12303  0.759
2015 Santiso X, López L, Gilbert KJ, Barreiro R, Whitlock MC, Retuerto R. Patterns of genetic variation within and among populations in Arbutus unedo and its relation with selection and evolvability Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics. 17: 185-192. DOI: 10.1016/J.Ppees.2015.02.006  0.785
2014 Lotterhos KE, Whitlock MC. Evaluation of demographic history and neutral parameterization on the performance of FST outlier tests. Molecular Ecology. 23: 2178-92. PMID 24655127 DOI: 10.1111/Mec.12725  0.428
2013 Aitken SN, Whitlock MC. Assisted gene flow to facilitate local adaptation to climate change Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics. 44: 367-388. DOI: 10.1146/Annurev-Ecolsys-110512-135747  0.669
2012 Draghi JA, Whitlock MC. Phenotypic plasticity facilitates mutational variance, genetic variance, and evolvability along the major axis of environmental variation. Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. 66: 2891-902. PMID 22946810 DOI: 10.1111/J.1558-5646.2012.01649.X  0.516
2012 Kawecki TJ, Lenski RE, Ebert D, Hollis B, Olivieri I, Whitlock MC. Experimental evolution. Trends in Ecology & Evolution. 27: 547-60. PMID 22819306 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2012.06.001  0.551
2012 Whitlock MC, Gilbert KJ. Q(ST) in a hierarchically structured population. Molecular Ecology Resources. 12: 481-3. PMID 22336101 DOI: 10.1111/J.1755-0998.2012.03122.X  0.694
2012 MacLellan K, Kwan L, Whitlock MC, Rundle HD. Dietary stress does not strengthen selection against single deleterious mutations in Drosophila melanogaster. Heredity. 108: 203-10. PMID 21792225 DOI: 10.1038/Hdy.2011.60  0.344
2012 Agrawal AF, Whitlock MC. Mutation load: The fitness of individuals in populations where deleterious alleles are abundant Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics. 43: 115-135. DOI: 10.1146/Annurev-Ecolsys-110411-160257  0.589
2012 Kawecki TJ, Lenski RE, Ebert D, Hollis B, Olivieri I, Whitlock MC. The value of complementary approaches in evolutionary research: Reply to Magalhães and Matos Trends in Ecology and Evolution. 27: 650-651. DOI: 10.1016/J.Tree.2012.09.007  0.505
2011 Yeaman S, Whitlock MC. The genetic architecture of adaptation under migration-selection balance. Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. 65: 1897-911. PMID 21729046 DOI: 10.1111/J.1558-5646.2011.01269.X  0.691
2011 Whitlock MC. G'ST and D do not replace FST. Molecular Ecology. 20: 1083-91. PMID 21375616 DOI: 10.1111/J.1365-294X.2010.04996.X  0.38
2011 Agrawal AF, Whitlock MC. Inferences about the distribution of dominance drawn from yeast gene knockout data. Genetics. 187: 553-66. PMID 21098719 DOI: 10.1534/Genetics.110.124560  0.58
2010 Yeaman S, Chen Y, Whitlock MC. No effect of environmental heterogeneity on the maintenance of genetic variation in wing shape in Drosophila melanogaster. Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. 64: 3398-408. PMID 20624178 DOI: 10.1111/J.1558-5646.2010.01075.X  0.678
2010 Agrawal AF, Whitlock MC. Environmental duress and epistasis: how does stress affect the strength of selection on new mutations? Trends in Ecology & Evolution. 25: 450-8. PMID 20538366 DOI: 10.1016/J.Tree.2010.05.003  0.516
2010 Correia L, Yeaman S, Whitlock MC. Local adaptation does not always predict high mating success. Journal of Evolutionary Biology. 23: 875-8. PMID 20487138 DOI: 10.1111/J.1420-9101.2010.01957.X  0.576
2010 Moore AJ, McPeek MA, Rausher MD, Rieseberg L, Whitlock MC. The need for archiving data in evolutionary biology. Journal of Evolutionary Biology. 23: 659-60. PMID 20149022 DOI: 10.1111/J.1420-9101.2010.01937.X  0.486
2010 Whitlock MC, McPeek MA, Rausher MD, Rieseberg L, Moore AJ. Data archiving. The American Naturalist. 175: 145-6. PMID 20073990 DOI: 10.1086/650340  0.348
2010 Rausher MD, McPeek MA, Moore AJ, Rieseberg L, Whitlock MC. Data archiving. Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. 64: 603-4. PMID 20050907 DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.2009.00940.x  0.348
2009 Otto SP, Whitlock MC. The impact of epistatic selection on the genomic traces of selection. Molecular Ecology. 18: 4985-7. PMID 20025656 DOI: 10.1111/J.1365-294X.2009.04425.X  0.614
2009 Whitlock MC, Guillaume F. Testing for spatially divergent selection: comparing QST to FST. Genetics. 183: 1055-63. PMID 19687138 DOI: 10.1534/Genetics.108.099812  0.603
2009 Maclellan K, Whitlock MC, Rundle HD. Sexual selection against deleterious mutations via variable male search success. Biology Letters. 5: 795-7. PMID 19625301 DOI: 10.1098/Rsbl.2009.0475  0.418
2009 Whitlock MC, Agrawal AF. Purging the genome with sexual selection: reducing mutation load through selection on males. Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. 63: 569-82. PMID 19154364 DOI: 10.1111/J.1558-5646.2008.00558.X  0.539
2007 Whitlock MC, Davis BH, Yeaman S. The costs and benefits of resource sharing: reciprocity requires resource heterogeneity. Journal of Evolutionary Biology. 20: 1772-82. PMID 17714295 DOI: 10.1111/J.1420-9101.2007.01387.X  0.575
2007 Guillaume F, Whitlock MC. Effects of migration on the genetic covariance matrix. Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. 61: 2398-409. PMID 17711463 DOI: 10.1111/J.1558-5646.2007.00193.X  0.609
2006 Dolgin ES, Whitlock MC, Agrawal AF. Male Drosophila melanogaster have higher mating success when adapted to their thermal environment. Journal of Evolutionary Biology. 19: 1894-900. PMID 17040386 DOI: 10.1111/J.1420-9101.2006.01168.X  0.566
2006 Currat M, Excoffier L, Maddison W, Otto SP, Ray N, Whitlock MC, Yeaman S. Comment on "Ongoing adaptive evolution of ASPM, a brain size determinant in Homo sapiens" and "Microcephalin, a gene regulating brain size, continues to evolve adaptively in humans". Science (New York, N.Y.). 313: 172; author reply 17. PMID 16840683 DOI: 10.1126/Science.1122712  0.732
2005 Whitlock MC, Gomulkiewicz R. Probability of fixation in a heterogeneous environment. Genetics. 171: 1407-17. PMID 16118199 DOI: 10.1534/Genetics.104.040089  0.391
2004 Ballard JW, Whitlock MC. The incomplete natural history of mitochondria. Molecular Ecology. 13: 729-44. PMID 15012752 DOI: 10.1046/J.1365-294X.2003.02063.X  0.346
2003 de Visser JA, Hermisson J, Wagner GP, Ancel Meyers L, Bagheri-Chaichian H, Blanchard JL, Chao L, Cheverud JM, Elena SF, Fontana W, Gibson G, Hansen TF, Krakauer D, Lewontin RC, Ofria C, ... ... Whitlock MC, et al. Perspective: Evolution and detection of genetic robustness. Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. 57: 1959-72. PMID 14575319 DOI: 10.1554/02-750R  0.427
2003 Bourguet D, Gair J, Mattice M, Whitlock MC. Genetic recombination and adaptation to fluctuating environments: selection for geotaxis in Drosophila melanogaster. Heredity. 91: 78-84. PMID 12815456 DOI: 10.1038/Sj.Hdy.6800283  0.634
2003 Whitlock MC. Fixation probability and time in subdivided populations. Genetics. 164: 767-79. PMID 12807795  0.338
2003 Wang J, Whitlock MC. Estimating effective population size and migration rates from genetic samples over space and time. Genetics. 163: 429-46. PMID 12586728  0.308
2002 Whitlock MC, Phillips PC, Fowler K. Persistence of changes in the genetic covariance matrix after a bottleneck. Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. 56: 1968-75. PMID 12449483 DOI: 10.1111/J.0014-3820.2002.Tb00122.X  0.494
2002 Fowler K, Whitlock MC. Environmental stress, inbreeding, and the nature of phenotypic and genetic variance in Drosophila melanogaster. Proceedings. Biological Sciences / the Royal Society. 269: 677-83. PMID 11934358 DOI: 10.1098/Rspb.2001.1931  0.419
2002 Whitlock MC. Selection, load and inbreeding depression in a large metapopulation. Genetics. 160: 1191-202. PMID 11901133  0.372
2002 Ives AR, Whitlock MC. Ecology. Inbreeding and metapopulations. Science (New York, N.Y.). 295: 454-5. PMID 11799230 DOI: 10.1126/Science.1068916  0.388
2001 Phillips PC, Whitlock MC, Fowler K. Inbreeding changes the shape of the genetic covariance matrix in Drosophila melanogaster. Genetics. 158: 1137-45. PMID 11454762  0.308
2001 Rundle HD, Whitlock MC. A genetic interpretation of ecologically dependent isolation. Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. 55: 198-201. PMID 11263739 DOI: 10.1111/J.0014-3820.2001.Tb01284.X  0.398
2000 Whitlock MC. Fixation of new alleles and the extinction of small populations: drift load, beneficial alleles, and sexual selection. Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. 54: 1855-61. PMID 11209765 DOI: 10.1111/J.0014-3820.2000.Tb01232.X  0.445
2000 Whitlock MC, Bourguet D. Factors affecting the genetic load in Drosophila: synergistic epistasis and correlations among fitness components. Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. 54: 1654-60. PMID 11108592 DOI: 10.1111/J.0014-3820.2000.Tb00709.X  0.667
2000 Ingvarsson PK, Whitlock MC. Heterosis increases the effective migration rate. Proceedings. Biological Sciences / the Royal Society. 267: 1321-6. PMID 10972127 DOI: 10.1098/Rspb.2000.1145  0.42
2000 Whitlock MC, Ingvarsson PK, Hatfield T. Local drift load and the heterosis of interconnected populations. Heredity. 84: 452-7. PMID 10849069 DOI: 10.1046/J.1365-2540.2000.00693.X  0.476
1999 Fowler K, Whitlock MC. THE DISTRIBUTION OF PHENOTYPIC VARIANCE WITH INBREEDING. Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. 53: 1143-1156. PMID 28565528 DOI: 10.1111/J.1558-5646.1999.Tb04528.X  0.496
1999 Fowler K, Whitlock MC. The variance in inbreeding depression and the recovery of fitness in bottlenecked populations. Proceedings. Biological Sciences / the Royal Society. 266: 2061-6. PMID 10902542 DOI: 10.1098/Rspb.1999.0887  0.421
1999 Whitlock MC. Neutral additive genetic variance in a metapopulation. Genetical Research. 74: 215-21. PMID 10689799 DOI: 10.1017/S0016672399004127  0.518
1999 Whitlock MC, Otto SP. The panda and the phage: compensatory mutations and the persistence of small populations. Trends in Ecology & Evolution. 14: 295-296. PMID 10407424 DOI: 10.1016/S0169-5347(99)01662-6  0.598
1999 Whitlock MC, Fowler K. The changes in genetic and environmental variance with inbreeding in Drosophila melanogaster. Genetics. 152: 345-53. PMID 10224265  0.378
1999 Whitlock MC, McCauley DE. Indirect measures of gene flow and migration: FST not equal to 1/(4Nm + 1). Heredity. 82: 117-25. PMID 10098262 DOI: 10.1038/Sj.Hdy.6884960  0.744
1998 Rundle HD, Mooers AØ, Whitlock MC. SINGLE FOUNDER-FLUSH EVENTS AND THE EVOLUTION OF REPRODUCTIVE ISOLATION. Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. 52: 1850-1855. PMID 28565304 DOI: 10.1111/J.1558-5646.1998.Tb02263.X  0.414
1997 Whitlock MC. FOUNDER EFFECTS AND PEAK SHIFTS WITHOUT GENETIC DRIFT: ADAPTIVE PEAK SHIFTS OCCUR EASILY WHEN ENVIRONMENTS FLUCTUATE SLIGHTLY. Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. 51: 1044-1048. PMID 28565491 DOI: 10.1111/J.1558-5646.1997.Tb03951.X  0.494
1997 Otto SP, Whitlock MC. The probability of fixation in populations of changing size. Genetics. 146: 723-33. PMID 9178020  0.604
1997 Whitlock MC, Barton NH. The effective size of a subdivided population. Genetics. 146: 427-41. PMID 9136031  0.565
1996 Whitlock MC, Fowler K. THE DISTRIBUTION AMONG POPULATIONS IN PHENOTYPIC VARIANCE WITH INBREEDING. Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. 50: 1919-1926. PMID 28565585 DOI: 10.1111/J.1558-5646.1996.Tb03579.X  0.374
1996 Whitlock M. The heritability of fluctuating asymmetry and the genetic control of developmental stability Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 263: 849-853. PMID 8786993 DOI: 10.1098/Rspb.1996.0125  0.424
1996 Whitlock MC. The red queen beats the jack-of-all-trades: The limitations on the evolution of phenotypic plasticity and niche breadth American Naturalist. 148: S65-S77. DOI: 10.1086/285902  0.438
1996 Whitlock MC, Fowler K. The distribution among populations in phenotypic variance with inbreeding Evolution. 50: 1919-1926.  0.317
1995 Whitlock MC. VARIANCE-INDUCED PEAK SHIFTS. Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. 49: 252-259. PMID 28565001 DOI: 10.1111/J.1558-5646.1995.Tb02237.X  0.461
1995 Whitlock MC. Two-locus drift with sex chromosomes: the partitioning and conversion of variance in subdivided populations. Theoretical Population Biology. 48: 44-64. PMID 7660328 DOI: 10.1006/Tpbi.1995.1021  0.468
1995 Whitlock MC, Phillips PC, Moore FBG, Tonsor SJ. Multiple fitness peaks and epistasis Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics. 26: 601-629. DOI: 10.1146/Annurev.Es.26.110195.003125  0.454
1995 Whitlock MC, Wade MJ. Speciation: Founder events and their effects on X-linked and autosomal genes American Naturalist. 145: 676-685. DOI: 10.1086/285762  0.669
1994 Fowler K, Whitlock MC. Fluctuating asymmetry does not increase with moderate inbreeding in Drosophila melanogaster. Heredity. 73: 373-6. PMID 7989217 DOI: 10.1038/Hdy.1994.184  0.404
1994 Whitlock MC. Fission and the genetic variance among populations: The changing demography of forked fungus beetle populations American Naturalist. 143: 820-829. DOI: 10.1086/285634  0.459
1993 Whitlock MC, Phillips PC, Wade MJ. GENE INTERACTION AFFECTS THE ADDITIVE GENETIC VARIANCE IN SUBDIVIDED POPULATIONS WITH MIGRATION AND EXTINCTION. Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. 47: 1758-1769. PMID 28567990 DOI: 10.1111/J.1558-5646.1993.Tb01267.X  0.738
1993 Whitlock M. Lack of correlation between heterozygosity and fitness in forked fungus beetles Heredity. 70: 574-581. DOI: 10.1038/Hdy.1993.84  0.41
1993 Whitlock MC, Phillips PC, Wade MJ. Gene interaction affects the additive genetic variance in subdivided populations with migration and extinction Evolution. 47: 1758-1769.  0.686
1992 Whitlock MC. TEMPORAL FLUCTUATIONS IN DEMOGRAPHIC PARAMETERS AND THE GENETIC VARIANCE AMONG POPULATIONS. Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. 46: 608-615. PMID 28568658 DOI: 10.1111/J.1558-5646.1992.Tb02069.X  0.504
1992 Whitlock MC. Nonequilibrium population structure in forked fungus beetles: extinction, colonization, and the genetic variance among populations American Naturalist. 139: 952-970. DOI: 10.1086/285368  0.491
1992 Whitlock MC. Temporal fluctuations in demographic parameters and the genetic variance among populations Evolution. 46: 608-615.  0.341
1990 Whitlock MC, McCauley DE. SOME POPULATION GENETIC CONSEQUENCES OF COLONY FORMATION AND EXTINCTION: GENETIC CORRELATIONS WITHIN FOUNDING GROUPS. Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. 44: 1717-1724. PMID 28567815 DOI: 10.1111/J.1558-5646.1990.Tb05243.X  0.77
1990 Whitlock MC, McCauley DE. Some population genetic consequences of colony formation and extinction: genetic correlations within founding groups Evolution. 44: 1717-1724.  0.739
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