2007 — 2011 |
Jiang, Hanqing |
N/AActivity Code Description: No activity code was retrieved: click on the grant title for more information |
Mechanics of Stretchable Electronics @ Arizona State University
This research aims to develop a mechanics theory for the emerging field of stretchable electronics, i.e., electronics devices can be fully flexed and stretched while function, which will revolutionize many aspects of daily life, from artificial muscle to wearable computers. To make brittle semiconductor materials (e.g., silicon) stretchable, mechanics plays an indispensable role. The theory to be developed investigates the mechanics issues associated with stretchable electronics and eventually aids in realizing the function of full stretchability. It is different from existing thin film studies in the following two aspects: (1) finite deformation effect since stretchable electronics may experience large deformation (more than 50% strain); and (2) extremely large thin film/substrate elastic mismatch, about 5 orders of magnitude difference in the elastic moduli of compliant substrate and stiff thin film in stretchable electronics. The comprehensive investigation of these issues will provide the core knowledge needed for the successful development of stretchable electronics.
This work will result in new methodologies for the design and processing of thin film/substrate system for electronics with extremely high stretchability. The proposed program also includes strong and active education programs. Besides new course development based on the state-of-the-art knowledge of this field, on- and off-campus programs with specific emphasis on women and American Indian students, such as Summer Rotation for American Indians Students, will be developed to promote the involvement of underrepresented groups in the development of stretchable electronics.
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2008 — 2011 |
Jiang, Hanqing |
N/AActivity Code Description: No activity code was retrieved: click on the grant title for more information |
Collaborative Research: Manufacturing Deformable Energy Storage Devices From Carbon Nanotube Macro-Films @ Arizona State University
This research project aims at investigating a new concept of manufacturing carbon nanotube macro-film-based deformable supercapacitors, versatile energy storage devices that are light-weight, deformable and at the same time exhibit very high energy and power density. Fundamentals on fabrication of the free-standing carbon nanotube macro-films with controllable alignment and on mechanical-electrical-electrochemical coupling of the two-dimensional carbon nanotube macro-films are expectedly understood. Mechanical buckling processes will be employed to make buckled carbon nanotube macro-films as supercapacitor electrodes which will have extreme deformability and high electronic conductivity that may allow the elimination of current collectors in a supercapacitor, therefore greatly reducing the cell weight and hence improving the energy density. The buckled carbon nanotube macro-films will be utilized to assemble deformable supercapacitors which will be thoroughly investigated. The combined approach of experimental and theoretical studies will enable an improved understanding of the manufacturing-structure-property-function of the deformable carbon nanotube supercapacitors and a general understanding of principles of materials processing engineering.
The proposed project will provide a new methodology and technique for the design and fabrication of carbon nanotube macro-film on compliant substrates, as well as lead to breakthroughs in state-of-the-art processing and fabrication of supercapacitor with extremely high deformability. Integrated, interactive and collaborative research and educational programs in two research institutions (Univ. Delaware and Arizona State Univ.) will be established. The graduate and undergraduate students involved in the proposed research will be trained through a multidisciplinary and multi-university environment. The research achievement will be used to develop/enhance both undergraduate and graduate courses. An innovative ?Stretchable Library? will be established to reach out to K-16 students.
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2008 — 2012 |
Chawla, Nikhilesh [⬀] Jiang, Hanqing |
N/AActivity Code Description: No activity code was retrieved: click on the grant title for more information |
Mechanical Shock and Vibration Fatigue Behavior of Environmentally-Benign Pb-Free Solders in Electronic Packaging @ Arizona State University
TECHNICAL: With the increasing focus on developing environmentally-benign electronic packages, Pb-free alloys have received a great deal of attention. The mechanical behavior of these alloys is extremely important because solder joints must retain their mechanical integrity under thermo-mechanical fatigue, creep, and mechanical shock and vibration fatigue. The latter has become an increasing problem in the industry. Relatively low cyclic stresses may be applied to electronic packages, particularly in automotive and aircraft applications, which results in isothermal fatigue. Fundamental issues related to this problem have received very little attention. To date, the understanding of mechanical shock is largely empirical. Typical testing involves dropping the modules on the ground, from a given height, and measuring the electrical resistance and qualitative appearance to determine whether the component has failed. An understanding of the stress and strain state in the package during mechanical shock is largely non-existent. Furthermore, the role of intermetallic thickness and solder microstructure on mechanical shock and vibration fatigue has not really been examined. A methodology for modeling the stress state under mechanical shock is urgently required. PIs will conduct a thorough study and analysis of the mechanical shock and vibration fatigue behavior of Sn-3.5Ag-0.7Cu and Sn-Ag solders with a comparison to pure Sn. The program will: (i) quantify the mechanical shock and vibration fatigue behavior using a novel, sophisticated system that enables application of realistic and controlled strain rates (10/s or higher) on single and multiple solder joints, as well as bulk solder, (ii) measure the strain distribution and evolution in a small-length scale solder joint, with fiducial marks micromachined by Focused Ion Beam (FIB), using a high speed camera and digital image correlation (DIC), (iii) understand the relationships between intermetallic thickness at the solder/joint interface and solder microstructure with mechanical shock and vibration fatigue resistance, (iv) model deformation of solder joints during mechanical shock and vibration, using multi-scale numerical techniques, to obtain a fundamental understanding of microstructural and geometric effects on solder deformation. NON-TECHNICAL: Pb-free solders are of importance because of the environmentally-benign nature of these materials. The research program will yield a thorough understanding of mechanical shock and vibration fatigue damage in Pb-free solders. It will also provide the semiconductor industry with a quantitative understanding of high strain rate deformation in these materials. The research program will include substantial interaction between university and industry. While research on solders has been extensive over the last several years, education of students in this area has not received the same attention. An integrated education outreach program that combines: (a) contributions to the development of a new Master?s in Electronic Packaging Program at ASU, (b) project-oriented activities for students, and (c) industrial outreach, is planned.
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2009 — 2015 |
Jiang, Hanqing |
N/AActivity Code Description: No activity code was retrieved: click on the grant title for more information |
Career: Investigation of Mechanical Properties of Carbon Nanotube Macro-Films in Integrated Systems @ Arizona State University
CAREER: Investigation of Mechanical Properties of Carbon Nanotube Macro-Films in Integrated Systems
Abstract
The research objective of this Faculty Early Career Development (CAREER) project is to fundamentally understand the mechanical properties of carbon nanotube macro-films in integrated systems. The primary research tasks of this project are (1) to investigate the mechanical properties of stand alone carbon nanotube macro-films; (2) to identify interfacial strength between carbon nanotube macro-films and substrates; and (3) to achieve deformability of carbon nanotube macro-films in integrated systems. A multiscale approach will be employed to capture the intrinsic multiscale nature of carbon nanotube macro-films, namely macroscopic features with nanoscale details, such as morphologies of inter-bundle junctions. A buckling method that involves buckled thin films on compliant substrates will be used to measure the interfacial strength, and to enable fully deformable carbon nanotube macro-films without sacrificing their electrical properties upon deformation. The deformable energy storage devices made from buckled carbon nanotube macro-films and solid electrolyte will be fabricated as a testing platform to examine the mechanical performance of the integrated system. The combined experimental and theoretical studies will carry significant potential in the development of a design guideline for the assembly of macroscopic carbon nanotube networks with desired mechanics properties that can significantly impact nanoscience and nanoengineering fields. Integrated research and education will focus on increasing enrollment and retention of underrepresented students and engaging the public through unique outreach programs in partnership with the Arizona Science Center, and Phoenix Elementary School District. A new senior/graduate level course will be developed based on this research.
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2009 — 2012 |
Yu, Hongyu Jiang, Hanqing |
N/AActivity Code Description: No activity code was retrieved: click on the grant title for more information |
Idr/Collaborative Research: Manufacturing Functional Laminated Composite Structures On Patterned Uneven Three-Dimensional Surfaces @ Arizona State University
This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5).
The research objective of this Interdisciplinary Research Collaborative award is to develop a universal manufacturing method to fabricate composite functional structures/materials on three dimensional surfaces using laser dynamic forming. This research will enable an innovative and potentially transformative means for three dimensional manufacturing on the micro or even nanoscale with high throughput, low cost and high yield capabilities. The approaches include: a) studying the processing mechanism of three dimensional laser dynamic forming for multilayer laminated structures; (b) developing controlled fabrication of laminated structures on uneven surfaces; (c) fabricating functional laminated composite structures, such as a microelectromechanical system for biomedical applications; (d) characterizing the physical properties of formed multilayer structures, and; (e) investigating the manufacturability of the three dimensional laser dynamic forming process and optimizing the process.
If successful, the results of this research will have significant impact on the general area of flexible and stretchable microelectromechanical system devices, such as flexible displays, smart textiles, various clinical and healthcare applications, low-cost and flexible solar cells for portable electronics and communications. The research is interdisciplinary, investigating gaps in research currently performed in manufacturing, mechanics and device engineering. Graduate and undergraduate students will engage in multidisciplinary research opportunities and benefit through classroom instruction. Innovative outreach efforts will be established, which include: a)engaging the general public through exhibiting at the public science centers; b) collaborating with engineering societies, such as Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, to create a general awareness of science and engineering principles and demonstrating how these innovative concepts can benefit our well-being, and; c)emphasizing the education of underrepresented and minority groups.
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2011 — 2015 |
Jiang, Hanqing |
N/AActivity Code Description: No activity code was retrieved: click on the grant title for more information |
Collaborative Research: Manufacturing Mechanically Compliant Silicon Nanostructures For Rechargeable Lithium Ion Batteries @ Arizona State University
This research project aims at investigating and demonstrating a new concept of manufacturing silicon (Si) anode lithium (Li) ion batteries by utilizing Si nanostructures on elastomeric substrates as anodes to release the stress induced by Li ion diffusion during charge-discharge cycles. Si anodes hold great promise and are being closely investigated for use in Li-ion batteries because they have the highest-known theoretical charge capacity. However, the development of Si-anode Li-ion batteries has lagged behind because of their large physical volume change (4X) during use, specifically during the insertion and extraction of Li ions, which results in pulverization and early capacity fading thus severely limiting their useful life. The objective of this collaborative project is to resolve the stress issue and manufacture Si-anode Li-ion batteries through a fundamental investigation of a novel concept of mechanical-electrochemical coupling of Si nanostructures on elastomeric substrates during insertion and de-insertion of Li ions. Specific studies will focus on (1) a theoretical understanding of releasing diffusion-induced stress using elastomeric substrates; (2) manufacturing of various Si nanostructures on elastomeric substrates as anodes in Li-ion batteries, (3) electrochemical characterization of Li-ion batteries with the nanostructured Si on elastomeric substrates as anode; and (4) development of a cost-effective approach and the realization of manufacturability.
If successful, the results of this collaborative research will facilitate the fundamental understanding in the coupled mechanical-electrochemical properties of Si nanostructures on elastomeric substrates and provide a powerful means to realize theoretically maximum energy density of Si-anode Li-ion batteries. Integrated, interactive and collaborative research and educational programs in two research institutions (University of Delaware and Arizona State University) will be established. The graduate and undergraduate students involved in the proposed research will be trained through a multidisciplinary and multi-university environment. The research achievement will be used to develop and enhance both undergraduate and graduate courses. An innovative outreach activity toward the general public will be established through the collaboration with the Arizona Science Center.
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2012 — 2014 |
Chawla, Nikhilesh (co-PI) [⬀] Jiang, Hanqing Wang, Yinmin |
N/AActivity Code Description: No activity code was retrieved: click on the grant title for more information |
Theoretical and Experimental Investigations of Coupled Mechanics and Electrochemistry in Silicon Anodes Lithium Ion Batteries @ Arizona State University
The research objective of this award is to understand the fundamentals in coupled mechanics and electrochemistry in lithium (Li)-ion batteries. Silicon is an attractive anode material being closely scrutinized for use in Li-ion batteries because of its highest-known theoretical charge capacity of 4,200 mAh/g. However, the development of silicon anode Li-ion batteries has lagged behind because of their large mechanical deformation, i.e., up to 400 percent volumetric change, during electrochemical reactions, which results in fracture, pulverization and early capacity fading. In other words, this coupled mechanics (e.g., volumetric change) and electrochemistry problem is a bottleneck to the development of silicon anode Li-ion batteries. The objective of this project is to understand the fundamental mechanical properties of the lithiated silicon anodes using combined experimental and theoretical methods. Specific studies will focus on i) nanoindentation experiments to obtain the influence of lithiation on mechanical properties as a function of depth; coupled with ii) continuum modeling to extract the stress-strain curve of lithiated silicon anodes under different state of charges.
If successful, the results of this research will help facilitate the fundamental understanding of the coupled mechanics and electrochemistry of silicon anodes in Li-ion batteries, specifically the mechanical behavior of lithiated silicon. The theoretical and experimental methodology can be also applied to other electrodes and materials in Li-ion batteries, such as the cathode. The successful implementation of the proposed research will contribute to a new area of mechanics of materials, namely, coupled mechanics and electrochemistry, which will potentially lead to a range of transformative applications in battery and energy-related fields. The graduate students involved in the research will be trained in a multidisciplinary environment.
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2013 — 2015 |
Yu, Hongbin (co-PI) [⬀] Jiang, Hanqing |
N/AActivity Code Description: No activity code was retrieved: click on the grant title for more information |
Air Option 1: Technology Translation - Buckled Stiff Thin Films On Soft Substrates For High-Resolution Strain Sensing @ Arizona State University
This PFI: AIR Technology Translation project focuses on translating the science of buckled stiff thin films on soft substrates as strain sensors to fill the technology gap in the strain measurement area to simultaneously realize both high spatial resolution and high sensitivity strain mapping. The translated science has the following unique features: well-defined nanoscale periodicity as a function of mechanical strain and material properties, easiness of fabrication, and tunability of 1D and 2D patterns that provides exemplary science to improve the performance of strain sensors and reduce the cost of fabrication when compared to the leading competing technologies, such as digital image correlation (DIC), micro-Moiré, and scanning electron microscope DIC techniques in this market space. The project accomplishes this goal by further optimizing the buckling patterns, achieving large scan area with a fast scan rate, and automated sample scanning and data acquisition resulting in a working prototype. The partnership engages Intel Corporation to provide guidance in the definition of industrial needs from the perspectives of microelectronic packaging, as well as through other forms, such as partial financial support and project mentoring as they pertain to the potential to translate the science along a path that may result in a competitive commercial reality. The potential economic impact is expected to be $85M in the next 10 years of commercialization, which will contribute to the U.S. competitiveness in the strain measurement area that have been heavily used in structural testing and electronic packaging applications. The societal impact, long term, will be the development of an innovative strain sensor as a new member in the family of strain measurement, which routinely impacts many different fields, ranging from structures, electronics, and health. The PIs will also integrate education, particularly professional development and entrepreneurship for students for the next-generation leaders in technical transfer.
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2015 — 2018 |
Dai, Lenore (co-PI) [⬀] Yu, Hongyu Jiang, Hanqing |
N/AActivity Code Description: No activity code was retrieved: click on the grant title for more information |
Integrated Light Sensitive Gels and Hard Materials For Dynamic 3d Displays For the Visually-Impaired @ Arizona State University
One of the primary barriers of leaving the visually-impaired still underrepresented in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) fields is the inaccessibility to visual content images, which imminently demands a dynamically refreshable tactile display to revolutionize the means of bringing three-dimensional (3D) images to the visually-impaired. This project aims to investigate the fundamentals on the integrated environmentally responsive gels and hard materials. If successful, the knowledge obtained from this project can be applied to develop dynamic tactile displays targeting the visually-impaired. These displays can be placed over two-dimensional (2D) optical display devices (e.g., a cell phone or computer). The optical light emission is amplified by the embedded optical devices (hard materials) to trigger the light sensitive gels (soft materials) to rise (i.e., swell) or descend (i.e., deswell) to change the surface topography. The 3D dynamic tactile display will provide a transformative tool for the visually-impaired as well as in the general area of human-machine interfaces. This novel human-machine interface can also be widely utilized in many other applications, such as the automobile and consumer electronics that are becoming a promising direction pursued by both academe and industry.
To achieve the goals, some key fundamentals will be thoroughly investigated, including material synthesis, processing technology, and multiphysics analysis. Combined experimental, analytical, and computational approaches will be employed to address following issues: (1) engineering the light responsive gels with broader transition range, larger swelling ratio, and faster response time; (2) developing feasible process technologies to integrate and package gels and hard materials, and (3) understanding the localized deformation of light sensitive gels upon non-uniform light intensity. The work will significantly advance knowledge in the experimental control of the synthesis and assembly of the environmentally responsive materials as well as the theoretical understanding of the coupled large deformation and mass transport in gels and their concurrent deformation with hard materials. Finally, the proof-of-concept 3D dynamic tactile display with a single module will demonstrate the applicability of the material synthesis and processing technologies.
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2016 — 2021 |
Yu, Hongbin [⬀] Ayyanar, Rajapandian (co-PI) [⬀] Jiang, Hanqing |
N/AActivity Code Description: No activity code was retrieved: click on the grant title for more information |
Phase I I/Ucrc Arizona State University Site: Center For Efficient Vehicles and Sustainable Transportation Systems (Ev-Sts). @ Arizona State University
Phase I I/UCRC Arizona State University Site: Center for Efficient Vehicles and Sustainable Transportation Systems (EV-STS).
Arizona State University (ASU) will help establish and operate a multi-institution Industry/University Cooperative Research Center (I/UCRC) for Efficient Vehicles and Sustainable Transportation Systems (EV-STS) as one of two charter sites (University of Louisville will host the other charter site). Such a center is needed to support the U.S. automotive/ground transportation industry?s efforts to meet demanding new federal regulations governing vehicle fuel economy and emissions, as well as society?s expectations for improved sustainability in economic and personal activities. The EV-STS center will engage the industry?s critical stakeholders - vehicle manufacturers, component and system suppliers, fleet operators, ground transportation industry infrastructure providers, and state and local governments - in identifying important efficiency/sustainability related problems, and formulating a research program that develops innovative solutions.
The mission of the EV-STS center and its ASU site is to leverage collaborations among corporate, government, and academic partners to conduct and disseminate industry-relevant research on technologies and tools that facilitate the design, manufacture, deployment, and operation of energy efficient, environmentally sustainable ground vehicles. The scope of this mission includes passenger cars, light- and heavy duty trucks, and motorized off-road equipment. It encompasses both vehicle-level technologies, and the infrastructure and transportation systems that incorporate ground vehicles. The mission is divided into four primary thrust areas: powertrains for full-electric vehicles and the entire continuum of electric-hybrid powertrains, including batteries, electric machines, power electronics, thermal management, packaging, etc., advanced internal combustion engines and alternative fuels, non-powertrain vehicle systems, and ground transportation systems and infrastructure. Within EV-STS the ASU site will have a research focus on realizing sustainable electrified vehicles. Site-specific topic areas are likely to include power electronics, power electronics device, system integration, and materials and processes for integration for vehicle-connected wearable health monitoring electronics for driver safety and overall transportation system safety.
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2019 — 2022 |
Jiang, Hanqing |
N/AActivity Code Description: No activity code was retrieved: click on the grant title for more information |
Collaborative Research: Investigation of the Relationship Between Processing Conditions and Morphology of Lithium During Electroplating @ Arizona State University
Graphite is currently used as the anode component in most rechargeable lithium-ion batteries. Replacing graphite with lithium metal holds the promise to improve the battery capacity by several times while also reducing costs. During battery charging and discharging, the lithium metal surface is prone to losing its smooth morphology and forms many sharp protrusions, a phenomenon, known as dendrite growth. Dendrite growth results in inferior battery life and induces severe safety concerns, both of which are major barriers to the commercialization of lithium-metal-based rechargeable batteries. This project aims to provide fundamental knowledge to guide the advanced manufacturing of lithium metal anodes with long cycle life and stability. It will focus on understanding the role of residual stress that accumulates within lithium metal during battery cycling in triggering lithium dendrite growth, and how its adverse effect can be eliminated by the design of a novel porous anode architecture. Integrated characterization, modeling and manufacturing activities will be carried out to achieve this goal. In addition to having major impacts on the development of next-generation batteries for electrical vehicles and electric grids, the mechanistic understanding acquired in the project will also facilitate the use of other earth-abundant metallic materials in energy storage devices. The integrated education and outreach component of the project will benefit a broad range of groups by providing authentic research experiences to native Americans and community college students, promoting undergraduate research and graduate education through active student recruitment and retention, and integrating the latest progress in battery research into curriculum on mechanics and materials science.
Despite extensive efforts, a complete understanding of the lithium dendrite growth mechanism has not yet been established. This project builds on the PIs' recent findings and will investigate stress as a key processing condition for controlling lithium surface morphology during electroplating, which has previously received little attention. It will combine in-situ and ex-situ characterizations, modeling and fabrication studies to: 1) understand how the stress, current density and plating time collectively control the lithium morphology; 2) construct a lithium morphology diagram to predict lithium plating morphology as a function of controllable processing conditions, 3) apply the acquired knowledge to design lithium anode architecture that enables stable cycling under high current densities, and 4) explore a potential cost-competitive method to manufacture high-performance lithium anodes. This research is expected to provide essential scientific guidance for the manufacturing of stable lithium metal anode structures for high capacity rechargeable batteries.
This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.
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