Year |
Citation |
Score |
2020 |
Feldman LA, Haldankar S, O'Carroll SJ, Liu K, Fackelmeier B, Broaddus WC, Anene-Maidoh T, Green CR, Garbow JR, Guan J. Connexin43 Expression and Associated Chronic Inflammation Presages the Development of Cerebral Radiation Necrosis. Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology. PMID 32447392 DOI: 10.1093/Jnen/Nlaa037 |
0.338 |
|
2019 |
Hathi DK, Engelbach JA, Hillengass J, Veis D, Achilefu S, Garbow JR, Shokeen M. Longitudinal preclinical magnetic resonance imaging of diffuse tumor burden in intramedullary myeloma following bortezomib therapy. Nmr in Biomedicine. e4122. PMID 31206946 DOI: 10.1002/Nbm.4122 |
0.378 |
|
2018 |
Duan C, Yang R, Yuan L, Engelbach JA, Tsien CI, Rich KM, Dahiya SM, Johanns TM, Ackerman JJH, Garbow JR. Late Effects of Radiation Prime the Brain Microenvironment for Accelerated Tumor Growth. International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics. PMID 30171879 DOI: 10.1016/J.Ijrobp.2018.08.033 |
0.713 |
|
2018 |
Donabedian PL, Kossatz S, Engelbach JA, Jannetti SA, Carney B, Young RJ, Weber WA, Garbow JR, Reiner T. Discriminating radiation injury from recurrent tumor with [F]PARPi and amino acid PET in mouse models. Ejnmmi Research. 8: 59. PMID 29974335 DOI: 10.1186/S13550-018-0399-Z |
0.355 |
|
2018 |
Meinerz K, Beeman SC, Duan C, Bretthorst GL, Garbow JR, Ackerman JJH. Bayesian Modeling of NMR Data: Quantifying Longitudinal Relaxation , and with a Tissue-Water-Relaxation Mimic (Crosslinked Bovine Serum Albumin). Applied Magnetic Resonance. 49: 3-24. PMID 29713112 DOI: 10.1007/S00723-017-0964-Z |
0.703 |
|
2018 |
Bayly PV, Garbow JR. Pre-clinical MR elastography: Principles, techniques, and applications. Journal of Magnetic Resonance (San Diego, Calif. : 1997). PMID 29705042 DOI: 10.1016/J.Jmr.2018.01.004 |
0.308 |
|
2018 |
Garbow JR, Tsien CI, Beeman SC. Preclinical MRI: Studies of the irradiated brain. Journal of Magnetic Resonance (San Diego, Calif. : 1997). PMID 29705034 DOI: 10.1016/J.Jmr.2018.03.011 |
0.431 |
|
2018 |
Church JT, Werner NL, Coughlin MA, Menzel-Smith J, Najjar M, Carr BD, Parmar H, Neil J, Alexopoulos D, Perez-Torres C, Ge X, Beeman SC, Garbow JR, Mychaliska GB. Effects of an artificial placenta on brain development and injury in premature lambs. Journal of Pediatric Surgery. PMID 29605267 DOI: 10.1016/J.Jpedsurg.2018.02.091 |
0.699 |
|
2018 |
Yang R, Duan C, Yuan L, Engelbach JA, Tsien CI, Beeman SC, Perez-Torres CJ, Ge X, Rich KM, Ackerman JJH, Garbow JR. Inhibitors of HIF-1α and CXCR4 Mitigate the Development of Radiation Necrosis in Mouse Brain. International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics. 100: 1016-1025. PMID 29485043 DOI: 10.1016/J.Ijrobp.2017.12.257 |
0.755 |
|
2018 |
Johanns T, Yuan L, Engelbach J, Dunn G, Thotala D, Beeman S, Tsien C, Ackerman J, Garbow J. IMMU-05. LATE EFFECTS OF INTRACRANIAL RADIATION INDUCES RESISTANCE TO IMMUNE CHECKPOINT BLOCKADE THERAPY THAT IS PARTIALLY REVERSIBLE WITH CSF-1R INHIBITION Neuro-Oncology. 20: vi122-vi122. DOI: 10.1093/Neuonc/Noy148.508 |
0.565 |
|
2018 |
Quirk JD, Bretthorst GL, Garbow JR, Ackerman JJH. Magnetic resonance data modeling: The Bayesian analysis toolbox Concepts in Magnetic Resonance Part A. DOI: 10.1002/Cmr.A.21467 |
0.32 |
|
2017 |
Hobson BA, Rowland DJ, Supasai S, Harvey DJ, Lein PJ, Garbow JR. A magnetic resonance imaging study of early brain injury in a rat model of acute DFP intoxication. Neurotoxicology. PMID 29183789 DOI: 10.1016/J.Neuro.2017.11.009 |
0.36 |
|
2017 |
Feldman LA, Fabre MS, Grasso C, Reid D, Broaddus WC, Lanza GM, Spiess BD, Garbow JR, McConnell MJ, Herst PM. Perfluorocarbon emulsions radiosensitise brain tumors in carbogen breathing mice with orthotopic GL261 gliomas. Plos One. 12: e0184250. PMID 28873460 DOI: 10.1371/Journal.Pone.0184250 |
0.316 |
|
2017 |
Duan C, Kallehauge JF, Pérez-Torres CJ, Bretthorst GL, Beeman SC, Tanderup K, Ackerman JJH, Garbow JR. Modeling Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI Data with a Constrained Local AIF. Molecular Imaging and Biology : Mib : the Official Publication of the Academy of Molecular Imaging. PMID 28536804 DOI: 10.1007/S11307-017-1090-X |
0.759 |
|
2017 |
Duan C, Perez-Torres CJ, Yuan L, Engelbach JA, Beeman SC, Tsien CI, Rich KM, Schmidt RE, Ackerman JJH, Garbow JR. Can anti-vascular endothelial growth factor antibody reverse radiation necrosis? A preclinical investigation. Journal of Neuro-Oncology. PMID 28425047 DOI: 10.1007/S11060-017-2410-3 |
0.763 |
|
2017 |
Hobson BA, Sisó S, Rowland DJ, Harvey DJ, Bruun DA, Garbow JR, Lein PJ. Magnetic Resonance Imaging Reveals Progressive Brain Injury in Rats Acutely Intoxicated with Diisopropylfluorophosphate. Toxicological Sciences : An Official Journal of the Society of Toxicology. PMID 28329842 DOI: 10.1093/Toxsci/Kfx049 |
0.335 |
|
2016 |
Feng Y, Clayton EH, Okamoto RJ, Engelbach J, Bayly PV, Garbow JR. A longitudinal magnetic resonance elastography study of murine brain tumors following radiation therapy. Physics in Medicine and Biology. 61: 6121-6131. PMID 27461395 DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/61/16/6121 |
0.352 |
|
2016 |
Vasek MJ, Garber C, Dorsey D, Durrant DM, Bollman B, Soung A, Yu J, Perez-Torres C, Frouin A, Wilton DK, Funk K, DeMasters BK, Jiang X, Bowen JR, Mennerick S, ... ... Garbow JR, et al. A complement-microglial axis drives synapse loss during virus-induced memory impairment. Nature. 534: 538-543. PMID 27337340 DOI: 10.1038/Nature18283 |
0.685 |
|
2016 |
Duan C, Kallehauge JF, Bretthorst GL, Tanderup K, Ackerman JJ, Garbow JR. Are complex DCE-MRI models supported by clinical data? Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. PMID 26946317 DOI: 10.1002/Mrm.26189 |
0.749 |
|
2016 |
Beeman SC, Shui YB, Perez-Torres CJ, Engelbach JA, Ackerman JJ, Garbow JR. O2 -sensitive MRI distinguishes brain tumor versus radiation necrosis in murine models. Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. 75: 2442-7. PMID 26175346 DOI: 10.1002/Mrm.25821 |
0.765 |
|
2015 |
Beeman SC, Osei-Owusu P, Duan C, Engelbach J, Bretthorst GL, Ackerman JJH, Blumer KJ, Garbow JR. Renal DCE-MRI Model Selection Using Bayesian Probability Theory. Tomography (Ann Arbor, Mich.). 1: 61-68. PMID 30042955 DOI: 10.18383/j.tom.2015.00133 |
0.681 |
|
2015 |
Jiang X, Yuan L, Engelbach JA, Cates J, Perez-Torres CJ, Gao F, Thotala D, Drzymala RE, Schmidt RE, Rich KM, Hallahan DE, Ackerman JJ, Garbow JR. A Gamma-Knife-Enabled Mouse Model of Cerebral Single-Hemisphere Delayed Radiation Necrosis. Plos One. 10: e0139596. PMID 26440791 DOI: 10.1371/Journal.Pone.0139596 |
0.783 |
|
2015 |
Thotala D, Karvas RM, Engelbach JA, Garbow JR, Hallahan AN, DeWees TA, Laszlo A, Hallahan DE. Valproic acid enhances the efficacy of radiation therapy by protecting normal hippocampal neurons and sensitizing malignant glioblastoma cells. Oncotarget. PMID 26413814 DOI: 10.18632/Oncotarget.5253 |
0.352 |
|
2015 |
Perez-Torres CJ, Yuan L, Schmidt RE, Rich KM, Drzymala RE, Hallahan DE, Ackerman JJ, Garbow JR. Specificity of vascular endothelial growth factor treatment for radiation necrosis. Radiotherapy and Oncology : Journal of the European Society For Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology. 117: 382-5. PMID 26376163 DOI: 10.1016/J.Radonc.2015.09.004 |
0.756 |
|
2015 |
Perez-Torres CJ, Yuan L, Schmidt RE, Rich KM, Ackerman JJ, Garbow JR. Perilesional edema in radiation necrosis reflects axonal degeneration. Radiation Oncology (London, England). 10: 33. PMID 25636531 DOI: 10.1186/S13014-015-0335-6 |
0.787 |
|
2014 |
Perez-Torres CJ, Engelbach JA, Cates J, Thotala D, Yuan L, Schmidt RE, Rich KM, Drzymala RE, Ackerman JJ, Garbow JR. Toward distinguishing recurrent tumor from radiation necrosis: DWI and MTC in a Gamma Knife--irradiated mouse glioma model. International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics. 90: 446-53. PMID 25104071 DOI: 10.1016/J.Ijrobp.2014.06.015 |
0.788 |
|
2014 |
Jiang X, Perez-Torres CJ, Thotala D, Engelbach JA, Yuan L, Cates J, Gao F, Drzymala RE, Rich KM, Schmidt RE, Ackerman JJ, Hallahan DE, Garbow JR. A GSK-3β inhibitor protects against radiation necrosis in mouse brain. International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics. 89: 714-21. PMID 24969790 DOI: 10.1016/J.Ijrobp.2014.04.018 |
0.765 |
|
2014 |
Solomon E, Avni R, Hadas R, Raz T, Garbow JR, Bendel P, Frydman L, Neeman M. Major mouse placental compartments revealed by diffusion-weighted MRI, contrast-enhanced MRI, and fluorescence imaging Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 111: 10353-10358. PMID 24969421 DOI: 10.1073/Pnas.1401695111 |
0.535 |
|
2014 |
Jiang X, Engelbach JA, Yuan L, Cates J, Gao F, Drzymala RE, Hallahan DE, Rich KM, Schmidt RE, Ackerman JJ, Garbow JR. Anti-VEGF antibodies mitigate the development of radiation necrosis in mouse brain. Clinical Cancer Research : An Official Journal of the American Association For Cancer Research. 20: 2695-702. PMID 24647570 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.Ccr-13-1941 |
0.569 |
|
2012 |
Krupnick AS, Tidwell VK, Engelbach JA, Alli VV, Nehorai A, You M, Vikis HG, Gelman AE, Kreisel D, Garbow JR. Quantitative monitoring of mouse lung tumors by magnetic resonance imaging. Nature Protocols. 7: 128-42. PMID 22222788 DOI: 10.1038/Nprot.2011.424 |
0.309 |
|
2012 |
Spees WM, Song SK, Garbow JR, Neil JJ, Ackerman JJ. Use of ethylene glycol to evaluate gradient performance in gradient-intensive diffusion MR sequences. Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. 68: 319-24. PMID 22127787 DOI: 10.1002/Mrm.23201 |
0.574 |
|
2011 |
Anderson JR, Ackerman JJ, Garbow JR. Semipermeable Hollow Fiber Phantoms for Development and Validation of Perfusion-Sensitive MR Methods and Signal Models. Concepts in Magnetic Resonance. Part B, Magnetic Resonance Engineering. 39: 149-158. PMID 26167136 DOI: 10.1002/Cmr.B.20202 |
0.557 |
|
2011 |
Spees WM, Buhl N, Sun P, Ackerman JJ, Neil JJ, Garbow JR. Quantification and compensation of eddy-current-induced magnetic-field gradients. Journal of Magnetic Resonance (San Diego, Calif. : 1997). 212: 116-23. PMID 21764614 DOI: 10.1016/J.Jmr.2011.06.016 |
0.582 |
|
2011 |
Anderson JR, Ye Q, Neil JJ, Ackerman JJ, Garbow JR. Diffusion effects on longitudinal relaxation in poorly mixed compartments. Journal of Magnetic Resonance (San Diego, Calif. : 1997). 211: 30-6. PMID 21524595 DOI: 10.1016/J.Jmr.2011.03.018 |
0.529 |
|
2011 |
Clayton EH, Garbow JR, Bayly PV. Frequency-dependent viscoelastic parameters of mouse brain tissue estimated by MR elastography. Physics in Medicine and Biology. 56: 2391-406. PMID 21427486 DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/56/8/005 |
0.321 |
|
2011 |
Garbow JR, Ackerman JJ. Imaging primary lung cancers in mice to study radiation biology: in regard to Kirsch et al. (Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2010;76:973-977). International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics. 79: 959; author reply 95. PMID 21281903 DOI: 10.1016/J.Ijrobp.2010.10.048 |
0.615 |
|
2011 |
Drzymala R, Cates J, Engelbach J, Garbow J. TH‐C‐220‐09: High Resolution Image‐Guided Irradiation of Murine Brain Tumors Using the Gamma Knife Perfexion Treatment Unit Medical Physics. 38: 3864-3864. DOI: 10.1118/1.3613552 |
0.35 |
|
2011 |
Thotala D, Garbow J, Drzymala R, Hallahan D. TU-G-214-01: Imaging of Necrosis and PET Imaging Medical Physics. 38: 3783-3783. DOI: 10.1118/1.3613239 |
0.362 |
|
2011 |
Garbow J, Thotala D, Drzymala R, Hallahan D. TU-A-BRC-05: Imaging to Monitor the Efficacy of Novel Molecular Targeted Radiation Protecting Drugs Medical Physics. 38: 3742-3742. DOI: 10.1118/1.3613081 |
0.372 |
|
2011 |
Hallahan D, Thotala D, Garbow J. Imaging to Monitor the Protective Effects of Novel Molecular Radiation Protecting Drugs International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics. 81: S196. DOI: 10.1016/J.Ijrobp.2011.06.353 |
0.303 |
|
2010 |
Warrington NM, Gianino SM, Jackson E, Goldhoff P, Garbow JR, Piwnica-Worms D, Gutmann DH, Rubin JB. Cyclic AMP suppression is sufficient to induce gliomagenesis in a mouse model of neurofibromatosis-1. Cancer Research. 70: 5717-27. PMID 20551058 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.Can-09-3769 |
0.303 |
|
2010 |
Tomlinson TM, Garbow JR, Anderson JR, Engelbach JA, Nelson DM, Sadovsky Y. Magnetic resonance imaging of hypoxic injury to the murine placenta. American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology. 298: R312-9. PMID 19923363 DOI: 10.1152/Ajpregu.00425.2009 |
0.336 |
|
2010 |
Jost S, Garbow J. TH-C-204C-03: Radiation Necrosis and Its Characterization Using Advanced MRI Medical Physics. 37: 3458-3458. DOI: 10.1118/1.3469505 |
0.396 |
|
2009 |
Jost SC, Collins L, Travers S, Piwnica-Worms D, Garbow JR. Measur ing brain tumor growth: Combined bioluminescence imaging-magnetic resonance imaging strategy Molecular Imaging. 8: 245-253. PMID 19796602 DOI: 10.2310/7290.2009.00023 |
0.364 |
|
2009 |
Garbow JR, Santeford AC, Anderson JR, Engelbach JA, Arbeit JM. Magnetic resonance imaging defines cervicovaginal anatomy, cancer, and VEGF trap antiangiogenic efficacy in estrogen-treated K14-HPV16 transgenic mice. Cancer Research. 69: 7945-52. PMID 19789343 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.Can-09-1271 |
0.328 |
|
2009 |
Jost SC, Hope A, Kiehl E, Perry A, Travers S, Garbow JR. A Novel Murine Model for Localized Radiation Necrosis and its Characterization Using Advanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics. 75: 527-533. PMID 19735877 DOI: 10.1016/J.Ijrobp.2009.06.007 |
0.317 |
|
2009 |
Hutton WC, Bretthorst GL, Garbow JR, Ackerman JJ. High dynamic-range magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) time-domain signal analysis. Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. 62: 1026-35. PMID 19585598 DOI: 10.1002/Mrm.22084 |
0.582 |
|
2009 |
Shoghi K, He J, Su Y, Yan Y, Rowland D, Garbow J, Mach R, Lubet R, You M. Multi-modality imaging of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea-induced mammary tumors by MRI and small animal PET. Cancer Research. 69: 6008. DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.Sabcs-6008 |
0.319 |
|
2009 |
Massoumzadeh P, He X, Rich K, Garbow J, Yablonskiy D, Benzinger T. MO-EE-A4-04: Quantitative Measurement of Hypoxia in Human Brain Tumors Using QBOLD MRI Medical Physics. 36: 2706-2706. DOI: 10.1118/1.3182268 |
0.374 |
|
2008 |
Garbow JR, McIntosh C, Conradi MS. Actively Decoupled Transmit-Receive Coil-Pair for Mouse Brain MRI. Concepts in Magnetic Resonance. Part B, Magnetic Resonance Engineering. 33: 252-259. PMID 26207105 DOI: 10.1002/Cmr.B.20124 |
0.318 |
|
2008 |
Jost SC, Ackerman JW, Garbow JR, Manwaring LP, Gutmann DH, McKinstry RC. Diffusion-weighted and dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging as markers of clinical behavior in children with optic pathway glioma Pediatric Radiology. 38: 1293-1299. PMID 18846370 DOI: 10.1007/S00247-008-1003-X |
0.312 |
|
2008 |
Prantner AM, Bretthorst GL, Neil JJ, Garbow JR, Ackerman JJ. Magnetization transfer induced biexponential longitudinal relaxation. Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. 60: 555-63. PMID 18759367 DOI: 10.1002/Mrm.21671 |
0.601 |
|
2008 |
Reilly KM, Rubin JB, Gilbertson RJ, Garbow JR, Roussel MF, Gutmann DH. Rethinking brain tumors: the fourth Mouse Models of Human Cancers Consortium nervous system tumors workshop. Cancer Research. 68: 5508-11. PMID 18632599 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.Can-08-0703 |
0.327 |
|
2008 |
Hegedus B, Banerjee D, Yeh TH, Rothermich S, Perry A, Rubin JB, Garbow JR, Gutmann DH. Preclinical cancer therapy in a mouse model of neurofibromatosis-1 optic glioma. Cancer Research. 68: 1520-8. PMID 18316617 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.Can-07-5916 |
0.343 |
|
2008 |
Garbow JR, Wang M, Wang Y, Lubet RA, You M. Quantitative monitoring of adenocarcinoma development in rodents by magnetic resonance imaging. Clinical Cancer Research : An Official Journal of the American Association For Cancer Research. 14: 1363-7. PMID 18316556 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.Ccr-07-1757 |
0.373 |
|
2008 |
Tomlinson T, Garbow J, Anderson J, Engelbach J, Nelson D, Sadovsky Y. 39: Magnetic resonance imaging of murine placental injury American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 199: S18. DOI: 10.1016/J.Ajog.2008.09.060 |
0.326 |
|
2007 |
Banerjee D, Hegedus B, Gutmann DH, Garbow JR. Detection and measurement of neurofibromatosis-1 mouse optic glioma in vivo. Neuroimage. 35: 1434-7. PMID 17383899 DOI: 10.1016/J.Neuroimage.2007.02.019 |
0.332 |
|
2007 |
Jost SC, Wanebo JE, Song SK, Chicoine MR, Rich KM, Woolsey TA, Lewis JS, Mach RH, Xu J, Garbow JR. In vivo imaging in a murine model of glioblastoma. Neurosurgery. 60: 360-70; discussion 3. PMID 17290188 DOI: 10.1227/01.Neu.0000249264.80579.37 |
0.357 |
|
2007 |
Kiehl E, Garbow J, Hubenschmidt J, Khullar D, Apte A, Deasy J, Parikh P, Low D, Hope A. SU-FF-I-118: MicroRT Multi-Modality Treatment Planning Medical Physics. 34: 2365-2365. DOI: 10.1118/1.2760494 |
0.306 |
|
2005 |
Rowland DJ, Garbow JR, Laforest R, Snyder AZ. Registration of [18F]FDG microPET and small-animal MRI Nuclear Medicine and Biology. 32: 567-572. PMID 16026703 DOI: 10.1016/J.Nucmedbio.2005.05.002 |
0.306 |
|
2004 |
Garbow JR, Zhang Z, You M. Detection of Primary Lung Tumors in Rodents by Magnetic Resonance Imaging Cancer Research. 64: 2740-2742. PMID 15087388 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.Can-03-3258 |
0.363 |
|
2004 |
Piwnica-Worms D, Schuster DP, Garbow JR. Molecular imaging of host-pathogen interactions in intact small animals Cellular Microbiology. 6: 319-331. PMID 15009024 DOI: 10.1111/J.1462-5822.2004.00379.X |
0.3 |
|
2004 |
Schuster DP, Kovacs A, Garbow J, Piwnica-Worms D. Recent advances in imaging the lungs of intact small animals. American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology. 30: 129-38. PMID 14729505 DOI: 10.1165/Rcmb.2003-0213Tr |
0.303 |
|
2004 |
Garbow JR, Dugas JP, Song SK, Conradi MS. A Simple, robust hardware device for passive or active respiratory gating in MRI and MRS experiments Concepts in Magnetic Resonance Part B: Magnetic Resonance Engineering. 21: 40-48. DOI: 10.1002/Cmr.B.20010 |
0.304 |
|
1983 |
Garbow JR, Weitekamp DP, Pines A. Total spin coherence transfer echo spectroscopy The Journal of Chemical Physics. 79: 5301-5310. DOI: 10.1063/1.445692 |
0.65 |
|
1982 |
Weitekamp DP, Garbow JR, Pines A. Determination of dipole coupling constants using heteronuclear multiple quantum NMR The Journal of Chemical Physics. 77: 2870-2883. DOI: 10.1063/1.444180 |
0.636 |
|
1982 |
Weitekamp DP, Garbow JR, Pines A. Search procedure for optimizing high-order multiple-quantum transition intensities Journal of Magnetic Resonance (1969). 46: 529-534. DOI: 10.1016/0022-2364(82)90104-4 |
0.627 |
|
1982 |
Garbow JR, Weitekamp DP, Pines A. Bilinear rotation decoupling of homonuclear scalar interactions Chemical Physics Letters. 93: 504-509. DOI: 10.1016/0009-2614(82)83229-6 |
0.641 |
|
1981 |
Weitekamp DP, Garbow JR, Murdoch JB, Pines A. High-resolution NMR spectra in inhomogeneous magnetic fields: Application of total spin coherence transfer echoes Journal of the American Chemical Society. 103: 3578-3579. |
0.6 |
|
Show low-probability matches. |