| Laura Baudis | Elementary Particles and High Energy Physics, Astrophysics Physics | | | 1999 | Hans Volker Klapdor-Kleingrothaus (grad student) |
| Karl Heinz Beckurts | neutron physics, reactor engineering | | | | |
| Rudolf Bock | Nuclear Physics | | | 1958 | Walther Bothe (grad student) |
| Peter Braun-Munzinger | Nuclear Physics | | | 1972 | Reinhard Stock (grad student) |
| Karl-Heinz Brenner | optics simulation algorithms | | | | |
| Michael Danos | Theoretical Physics, Field Theory, Nuclear Structure, Medical Instrumentation | | 1951 | 1952 | J. Hans D. Jensen (grad student), Otto Haxel (post-doc) |
| Axel K. Drees | Heavy ion physics. | | | 1989 | Hans J. Specht (grad student) |
| Dirk Dubbers | | | | 1972 | Gisbert Freiherr zu Putlitz (grad student) |
| Franz Eisele | | | | 1969 | Heinz August Adolf Wilhelm Filthuth (grad student) |
| Roderich Engelmann | Experimental elementary particle physics. | | | 1966 | Heinz August Adolf Wilhelm Filthuth (grad student) |
| Helmut Faissner | High-energy physics | | | 1952 | Walther Bothe (grad student) |
| Heinz August Adolf Wilhelm Filthuth | High Energy Physics | | | 1954 | Otto Haxel (grad student) |
| Rudolf Fleischmann | Nuclear Physics | | 1932 | 1934 | Walther Bothe (post-doc) |
| Richard Martin Gans | | | | 1902 | Georg Hermann Quincke (post-doc) |
| Wolfgang Gradl | Particle Physics, Hadron Physics | | 1997 | 2001 | Franz Eisele (grad student) |
| Theodor Wolfgang Hänsch | | Physics | 1969 | 1970 | Christoph Schmelzer (post-doc), Peter Toschek (grad student) |
| Peter Hauschildt | | | | 1991 | Rainer Wehrse (grad student) |
| Otto Haxel | Nuclear Physics | | | | |
| Joachim Heintze | Elementary Particles | | | 1953 | Otto Haxel (grad student) |
| Paul Heitjans | Materials Physics, Physical Chemistry | | | | |
| Stefan W. Hell | | | | 1990 | Siegfried Hunklinger (grad student) |
| Otto Hesse | | | | | |
| Rolf-Dieter Heuer | Elementary Particles and High Energy Physics | | | 1977 | Joachim Heintze (grad student) |
| Siegfried Hunklinger | Low Temperature Solid State Physics | | | | |
| J. Hans D. Jensen | Theoretical physics | | | | |
| Philipp von Jolly | | | | | |
| Heike Kamerlingh Onnes | physics | | 1871 | 1873 | Gustav Robert Kirchhoff (research assistant) |
| Gustav Robert Kirchhoff | Theoretical physics | | | | |
| Hans Volker Klapdor-Kleingrothaus | nuclear physics, particle physics, astrophysics. | | | | |
| Carl Klein | Mineralogy, crystallography | | | 1869 | Friedrich August Quenstedt (post-doc) |
| Hans Kopfermann | | | | | |
| Walther Kossel | | | | 1911 | Philipp Eduard Anton Lenard (grad student) |
| Carsten B Krauss | neutrino physics, dark matter search | Physikalishes Institut | 1999 | 2002 | Franz Eisele (grad student) |
| Philipp Eduard Anton Lenard | | | | | |
| Vera Luth | Elementary Particles and High Energy Physics | | 1966 | 1974 | Heinz August Adolf Wilhelm Filthuth (grad student), Jack H. Steinberger (grad student) |
| Hans Jörg Mang | Theoretical physics | | | 1957 | J. Hans D. Jensen (grad student) |
| Bastian Märkisch | fundamental particle physics, low-energy physics | Department of Physics and Astronomy | | 2006 | Dirk Dubbers (grad student) |
| Veikko Arto Kalevi Mattila | | | | 1970 | Hans Elsässer (grad student) |
| Theo Mayer-Kuckuk | Nuclear Physics | | | 1953 | Walther Bothe (grad student) |
| Sergej Moroz | Condensed matter, | | | | |
| Marcus Motzkus | | | | | |
| Otto Mügge | crystallography | | 1879 | 1882 | Karl Heinrich (Harry) Ferdinand Rosenbusch (post-doc) |
| Karl Otto Münnich | | | | 1957 | Otto Haxel (grad student) |
| Matthias Neubert | Elementary Particles and High Energy Physics | | | 1990 | Berthold Stech (grad student) |
| Siegfried Penselin | | | | 1958 | Hans Kopfermann (grad student) |
| Andreas Piepke | Elementary Particles and High Energy Physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics | | | 1990 | Hans Volker Klapdor-Kleingrothaus (grad student) |
| Hans Juergen Pirner | Hadron physics | | | | |
| Georg Hermann Quincke | capillarity, acoustics, optics | | | | |
| Friedrich K. Röpke | | | | | |
| Hendrik Schatz | Experimental Nuclear Astrophysics | | | 1998 | Michael C. Wiescher (grad student) |
| Christoph Schmelzer | Atomic physics | | | | |
| Johannes Schmid-Burgk | | | | 1969 | Karl-Heinz Böhm (grad student) |
| Ernst Schröder | Mathematik | | | | |
| Thorsten Schumm | | | 2003 | 2006 | Hannes-Jörg Schmiedmayer (grad student) |
| Arthur Schuster | spectroscopy, electrochemistry, optics, X-radiography | | | 1873 | Gustav Robert Kirchhoff (grad student) |
| Kai Schwenzer | Astrophysics | | | | Hans Juergen Pirner (grad student) |
| Karlheinz Seeger | | Physics | | | Otto Haxel (grad student) |
| Hans J. Specht | | | | | |
| Berthold Stech | | | | 1951 | Walther Bothe (grad student) |
| Reinhard Stock | Nuclear Physics | | | | Rudolf Bock (grad student) |
| Herbert Wilhelm Ströbele | Nuclear Physics | | | 1971 | Heinz August Adolf Wilhelm Filthuth (grad student) |
| Nithiwadee Thaicharoen | AMO physics | | 2017 | | Matthias Weidemüller (post-doc) |
| Klaus Tittel | | | | | |
| Rudolf Karl Anton Tomaschek | phosphorescence, fluorescence, gravitational tides | | | 1921 | Philipp Eduard Anton Lenard (grad student) |
| Peter Toschek | laser spectroscopy | | | | |
| Thomas S. Ullrich | Experimental Nuclear Physics | Physics | | 1994 | Hans J. Specht (grad student) |
| Heinrich Vogt | | | | 1920 | Max Wolf (grad student) |
| Karl Christian von Langsdorf | Applied mathematics, engineering | | | | |
| Rainer Wehrse | | | | | |
| Matthias Weidemüller | | | | | |
| Hans Arwed Weidenmüller | Theoretical physics | | | 1957 | J. Hans D. Jensen (grad student) |
| Walter Friedrich Karl Weizel | Theoretical physics | | | 1926 | Max Theodor Trautz (grad student) |
| Christof Wetterich | Quantum field theory, Particle physics, Cosmology, Phase transitions | | | | |
| Wolfgang Wild | | | | 1960 | J. Hans D. Jensen (research scientist) |
| Max Wolf | Astrophysics | | | 1889 | Leo Königsberger (grad student) |
| Arthur Williams Wright | physics and astronomy | | | 1868 | Robert Wilhelm Eberhard Bunsen (post-doc), Gustav Robert Kirchhoff (post-doc) |
| Michael Zharnikov | Physical chemistry | | | | |
| Gisbert Freiherr zu Putlitz | | | | 1962 | Hans Kopfermann (grad student) |