Vsevolod Vyacheslavovich Balashov

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Born July 30, 1931 in the city of Arkhangelsk, Russia. In 1949 he entered the Physics Department of Moscow State University. At the 4th year he was sent to the Institute for Physical Problems (IFP AN) to academician L.D. Landau for specialization. By the time he graduated, he passed the theoretical minimum of L.D. Landau. The thesis was carried out at the Institute for Physical Problems under the supervision of V.T. Khozyainov.

After graduation, he was left in graduate school of the Faculty of Physics, where, under the supervision of Yu. M. Shirokov, he defended his thesis “On the Theory of Interaction of Shell Nucleons in Light Nuclei” (1959). In parallel, from 1955 to 1961, he worked in the seminar of L.D. Landau at the Institute of Physical Problems as a regular rapporteur (speaker) on nuclear physics issues. At the end of graduate school - without a break at Moscow State University. Since 1965 - professor of the Faculty of Physics. From 1991 to 2007 - Head Department of Atomic Nuclear Physics (since 1998 - Atomic Nuclear Physics and Quantum Collision Theory).

V. V. Balashov is the oldest lecturer at the Department of Nuclear Physics. Since 1960, he created and delivered at the Faculty of Physics a general course of lectures "Quantum Mechanics", general departmental courses "The Structure of Nuclei" and "Theory of Nuclei", cathedral and interdepartmental special courses "Nuclear Reactions", "Physics of Hyper-nuclei", "Density Matrix" , "Quantum Collision Theory", etc. On his initiative, a unique theoretical workshop on nuclear and atomic physics was created at the Faculty of Physics.

V. V. Balashov defended his doctoral dissertation "The Shell Theory of Nuclear Reactions" at the JINR Laboratory of Theoretical Physics in 1964. The 60s and the beginning of the 70s are significant in the formation of the most important field of research in modern physics - intermediate-energy nuclear physics, where structural problems nuclei and their interactions with elementary particles are inextricably linked. V. V. Balashov was one of the researchers who first guessed the great prospects of this new area and did a lot for its development. He was the organizer and for several years the first chairman of the corresponding section of the Scientific Council on Nuclear Reactions of the USSR Academy of Sciences. His own scientific contribution to this area is the development of the concept of the universality of the phenomenon of giant resonance in nuclear processes, the creation of the theory of quasielastic knocking out of nucleons and clusters from nuclei, the theoretical justification of a number of correlation methods for studying nuclear processes at high and intermediate energies.

Characteristic of the style of scientific activity of V. V. Balashov was a wide coverage of problems from various fields of theoretical physics. He created a large school of theoreticians who developed a set of new methods of the theory of electron and atomic collisions on the basis of nuclear physics methods. V. V. Balashov and his students developed a multicomponent theory, taking into account the effects of charge exchange and intermediate excitations, inhibition of fast multiply charged ions passing through matter. They own the original developments related to elementary particle physics (quark model of antiproton annihilation), cosmic ray physics (asymptotic behavior of the total cross sections for interaction with high-energy proton nuclei), astrophysics and gamma astronomy (the photonuclear mechanism for generating ultrahigh-energy cosmic gamma rays in galactic and metagalactic sources). V. V. Balashov supervised 30 candidates of sciences (Ph.D.). 10 of them then became doctors of physical and mathematical sciences (Habilitation degree).

The scientific achievements of V. V. Balashov’s school and the experience of his teaching are reflected in the monograph “Absorption of Mesons by Atomic Nuclei” and textbooks “The Course of Quantum Mechanics” (2 editions), “Theoretical Workshop on Nuclear and Atomic Physics”, “Quantum Collision Theory”, "The structure of matter." The course of lectures by V.V.Balashov "Interaction of Particles and Radiation with Matter" (1997, Springer Verlag, Germany) and the book "Polarization and Correlation Phenomena in Atomic Collisions" (2000, Kluwer Academic / Plenum) Publishers, USA) published overseas. As a member of the organizing committees of international conferences and meetings, as well as through lectures delivered by him at universities in France, Germany, Italy, the USA, Australia, China and other countries, V. V. Balashov made a great contribution to dissemination of physical science.

VV Balashov is the laureate of the Lomonosov Prize of Moscow State University, author of the discovery listed in the State Register of Discoveries of the USSR, member of the International Academy of Higher Education Sciences. He was awarded the medal of the Order of Merit to the Fatherland, 2nd degree.
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