| Marc Achermann | Condensed Matter Physics, Optics Physics | Advanced Solar Photophysics | 2002 | 2006 | Victor Klimov (post-doc) |
| Harold Melvin Agnew | nuclear physics | | | | |
| Robert Charles Albers | Theoretical Physics, Condensed Matter Physics | | | | |
| Michael R. Anastasio | Theoretical Nuclear Physics | | | | |
| Herbert L. Anderson | Particle Physics | | | | |
| Petr M. Anisimov | Theory Physics | Accelerator Operation and Technology | 2012 | 2015 | Bruce Carlsten (post-doc) |
| Lars Arvestad | | | | | William Bruno (grad student) |
| Julius Ashkin | particle physics | | 1943 | 1945 | Hans Albrecht Bethe (post-doc) |
| Dilip Asthagiri | Chemical Engineering, General Biophysics, Biochemistry, Inorganic Chemistry | | | | |
| Richard D. Averitt | | | 1999 | 2001 | Antoinette J. Taylor (post-doc) |
| Rosemary Baltrusaitis | | | 1980 | 1983 | David G. Hitlin (post-doc) |
| Peter David Barnes | medium-energy nuclear physics | | | | |
| Golan Bel | physical chemistry | | 2008 | 2009 | Ilya Mark Nemenman (post-doc) |
| George Irving Bell | Nuclear physics, Biophysics, Human Genome Project | | | | |
| Tanmoy Bhattacharya | Lattice QCD, Fundamentals of Quantum Mechanics, Biology (Phylogenetics, HIV, Big data), Historical Linguistics | | | | |
| Kip Bishofberger | | AOT | 2005 | | Bruce Carlsten (research scientist) |
| Alan R Bishop | | | | | |
| Mark Bolsterli | | | | | |
| Malcolm Boshier | | | | | |
| J. David Bowman | | | | | |
| Norris Edwin Bradbury | | | | | |
| Hugh Bradner | | | 1943 | 1946 | J. Robert Oppenheimer (research scientist) |
| Stephen J Brice | Astroparticle Physics | | | | |
| Donald Brown | | | | | |
| John C. Browne | | | | | |
| William Bruno | Theoretical and computational molecular evolution, ion channel models | | | | |
| Bernd Büchner | solid state physics, crystal growth, 2D materials, magnetics | | | | |
| Lev Bulaevskii | | | | | |
| Robert L. Burman | | | | | |
| Robert W. Bussard | nuclear fusion energy | | | | |
| David Kelly Campbell | theoretical physics, nonlinear phenomena | | | | |
| Francesco Caravelli | Statistical Physics, Complex Systems | Theoretical Division | | | Cristiano Nisoli (post-doc) |
| Joseph A. Carlson | | | | | |
| Bruce Carlsten | | | | | |
| Bruce E Carlsten | Physics of beams | | | | |
| Peter Ambler Carruthers | elementary particles, field theory | | | | |
| Kenneth Myron Case | Theoretical and mathematical physics | | 1943 | 1946 | Robert Serber (research assistant) |
| Ellen Cerreta | | | | | |
| James Chadwick | nuclear physics | | | | |
| Hou-Tong Chen | | | | | Antoinette J. Taylor (post-doc) |
| Changchun Chen | Plasma Physics | | | | |
| Ping-Han Chu | Radiation Physics, Atomic Physics | P-23 | 2014 | 2018 | Steven R. Elliott (post-doc) |
| Albert McCavour Clogston | solid state physics, magnetism, and superconductivity | | | | |
| Martin David Cooper | | | | | |
| Clyde Lorrain Cowan | Particle physics | | | 1956 | Frederick Reines (collaborator) |
| Lawrence M. Cranberg | | | | | |
| Charles Louis Critchfield | Theoretical physics | | | | |
| Daine L. Danielson | Theoretical physics, Particle physics, High energy physics, Theory Physics | Theoretical Division Physics Division | 2018 | 2019 | Anna C. Hayes (research assistant), Christopher M. Mauger (research assistant) |
| Adolfo del Campo | Quantum Physics, Quantum Technology, Quantum Control, Statistical Mechanics | | 2011 | 2014 | Wojciech Hubert Zurek (post-doc) |
| Tiffany Desjardins | | Physics | 2016 | 2018 | Elizabeth C. Merritt (post-doc) |
| Martin Deutsch | nuclear physics | | 1943 | 1945 | Emilio Segrè (research scientist) |
| Jeff A. Drocco | | | 2011 | 2013 | Cynthia J. Olson Reichhardt (post-doc) |
| Joaquín E. Drut | Many-body physics, Ultracold atoms, Computational Physics | T2 | 2010 | 2012 | Joseph A. Carlson (post-doc) |
| Donald F. DuBois | | | | | |
| Leanne D. Duffy | Accelerator physics, Cosmology & astroparticle physics | | | | |
| Ayhan Duzgun | | Theoretical Division | | | Cristiano Nisoli (post-doc) |
| Philipp VF Edelmann | stellar astrophysics, computational fluid dynamics, nuclear reaction networks, high performance computing | | | | |
| David Franklin Edwards | Solid state physics | | | | |
| Ernst-Ingo Esch | Astroparticle Physics | Physics | | 1997 | Thomas Bowles (grad student) |
| J. Doyne Farmer | Complex systems | | | | |
| Mitchell J. Feigenbaum | Chaos Theory | | | | |
| Zachary Fisk | Condensed Matter Physics | | | | |
| Hans Frauenfelder | structure, dynamics, and function of proteins | | | | |
| Glenn Mckinley Frye | cosmic rays | | 1950 | 1959 | Frederick Reines (research scientist) |
| Klaus Fuchs | | Theoretical Division | 1944 | 1946 | Hans Albrecht Bethe (research scientist) |
| Robert Douglas Fulton | Spectroscopic Study of Theta Discharges in Hydrogen and Helium (1985) | | | | |
| Kaori Fuyuto | Elementary Particles and High Energy Physics | | | | |
| Gerald Thomas John Garvey | Nuclear physics | | | | |
| Maria A. Gomez | Proton Conductors | | | | |
| Paul E. Grabowski | Plasma physics, atomic physics, density functional theory, Theoretical Astrophysics | | | | |
| David L. Graff | | | 2011 | 2013 | Steven P. Love (post-doc) |
Elizabeth Diz Riddle Graves | experimental nuclear physics | | | | |
| Alvin Cushman Graves | nuclear physics | | | | |
| Rajan Gupta | Theoretical Particle Physics, Lattice QCD, Statistical Mechanics, Computational Biology, Energy Security | | | | |
| Jay Edwin Hammel | | | | | |
| Eric A. Hawker | Particle Physics | | | | |
| Wick C. Haxton | Astrophysics, Nuclear Physics, Particle Physics | | | | |
| Anna C. Hayes | | | | | |
| Jaret C. Heise | Elementary Particles and High Energy Physics | Physics | | 2005 | Andrew Hime (post-doc) |
| Hans Herrmann | | | | | |
| Andrew Hime | | | | | |
| Cyrus M. Hoffman | Experimental particle physics and astrophysics | | | | |
| Henry George Horak | Astrophysics | | | | |
| Kurt Jacobs | quantum technology | | | | Salman Habib (post-doc) |
| Chun-Min Jen | Radiation Physics | | | | |
| Larry Jones | | | | | |
| Anosh Joseph | Theoretical Physics, Elementary Particle Physics | | 2011 | 2013 | Rajan Gupta (post-doc) |
| Myang-Hwa Jung | | NHMFL | 2002 | 2004 | Heinrich Nakotte (post-doc) |
| Christoph Junghans | computational physics, computational science | Theoretical Division | 2011 | 2014 | Arthur F. Voter (post-doc) |
| Zhongbo Kang | High energy nuclear physics | | | | |
| Don Kania | | | | | |
| Donald MacLean Kerr | nuclear weapons efforts, national security and arms control, energy technology, and ionospheric research | | | | |
| George Albert Keyworth | Nuclear physics | | | | |
| Yongho Kim | | | | | |
| Klaus Kirch | Astroparticle Physics | | | | |
| Edward Alan Knapp | High Energy Physics | | | | |
| Jeffrey M. Koshi | | | | | William Bruno (post-doc) |
| Gerd J. Kunde | Elementary Particles and High Energy Physics, Nuclear Physics | | | | |
| Christopher A Lane | condensed matter | Theory Division | 2019 | 2021 | Jianxin Zhu (post-doc) |
| Leo S. Lavatelli | Control Systems | | 1943 | 1946 | Robert Rathbun Wilson (research assistant) |
| Angus (Andrew) Cowper Lawson | | | | | |
| Robert Briggs Leachman | Nuclear Physics | | | | |
| Christopher Lee | Nuclear, Particle, Astrophysics and Cosmology | | | | |
| Carey Legett | geosciences, planetary science, spectroscopy, light scattering, space weathering | ISR | 2019 | 2022 | Roger C. Wiens (post-doc) |
| Henry Lichtenstein | nuclear physics, radiation transport, Monte Carlo simulation | | | | |
| Shizeng Lin | condensed matter theory | Theoretical Division | 2011 | 2013 | Lev Bulaevskii (post-doc) |
| Rodica Lindenmaier | Atmospheric Science Physics, Atmospheric Chemistry, Remote Sensing | Earth and Environmental Sciences | 2012 | 2014 | Manvendra K Dubey (post-doc) |
| Adrian Losko | | | | | Sven Vogel (grad student) |
| William Charles Louis | High Energy Physics | | | | |
| Steven P. Love | Experimental Physics, Optics, Spectroscopic Remote Sensing | | 1991 | 1993 | Basil I. Swanson (post-doc) |
| Yiannis Makris | | | | | |
| John Henry Manley | | | | | |
| John Marshall | High Energy Physics | | | | |
| P. E. Martin | | | | | William Bruno (research assistant) |
| Thomas E Mason | Condensed Matter Physics | | | | |
| Harris Louis Mayer | nuclear physics | | | | |
| Claudio Mazzoleni | Atmospheric Science Physics, Environmental Sciences, Remote Sensing, Automotive Engineering | Earth and Environmental Sciences | 2004 | 2008 | Manvendra K Dubey (post-doc) |
| Patrick L. McGaughey | | | | | |
| Gerard Patrick McGregor | | | | | |
| Kevin D. Meaney | nuclear diagnostics, plasma physics | Physics Physics | | | Hans Herrmann (grad student), Yongho Kim (grad student) |
| Robert Meier | | | | | |
| Elizabeth C. Merritt | Fluid and Plasma Physics | Physics | 2013 | 2015 | John Kline (post-doc) |
| Bogdan Mihaila | many-body theory | | | | |
| Dimitri Mihalas | Astronomy and Astrophysics | | | | |
| Geoffrey Miller | Astroparticle Physics | | | | |
| Geoffrey Blount Mills | High Energy Physics | | | | |
| Richard Evans Mischke | | | | | |
| Mark Moldwin | Space Physics, Atmospheric Science Physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics | | | | Michelle Thomsen (post-doc) |
| Muir Morrison | | Theoretical Division | | | Cristiano Nisoli (research assistant) |
| Joel Marshall Moss | Nuclear Physics | | | | |
| Emil Mottola | Quantum Field Theory, Curved Spacetime, Black Holes, Cosmology, Non-Eqiolibrium Physics | | | | |
| Fred Michael Mueller | Solid state physics | | | | |
| Brian Munsky | | | 2008 | 2009 | Ilya Mark Nemenman (post-doc) |
| Darragh Edmund Nagle | | | 1942 | 1946 | Enrico Fermi (research assistant) |
| Heinrich Nakotte | Condensed Matter Physics, Materials Science Engineering | | 1994 | 1997 | Robert Robinson (post-doc) |
| George Peter Nanos | | | | | |
| Seth H Neddermeyer | cosmic rays | | 1943 | 1946 | J. Robert Oppenheimer (research scientist) |
| Amanda Joy Neukirch | | | | | |
| Cristiano Nisoli | Condensed Matter Physics, Frustration, Statistical Mechanics, Spin Ice | Theoretical Division Theoretical Division | | | Avadh Saxena (post-doc), Alan R Bishop (collaborator) |
| Chris Nolting | Astrophysics, Galaxy Clusters, Radio Galaxies, Magnetohydrodyanmics, Simulation, Jets | | | | |
| Willie J. Padilla | | | 2004 | 2006 | Antoinette J. Taylor (post-doc) |
| Jeffrey A. Paisner | Lasers & Non-Linear Optics and Atomic Physics | | | | |
| Andrea P. T. Palounek | high energy particle physics, nuclear physics | | | | |
| Anup Pandey | | | | | |
| Mark Wayne Paris | nuclear, particle, plasma, & astrophysical theory | | | | |
| W. Dean Pesnell | | | 1980 | 1997 | Arthur Nelson Cox (research scientist) |
| Leo Eric Piilonen | Elementary Particles and High Energy Physics | | 1985 | 1987 | Cyrus M. Hoffman (post-doc), Richard Evans Mischke (post-doc), Martin David Cooper (post-doc) |
| David D. Pollock | Theoretical and experimental evolution | | | | William Bruno (post-doc) |
| Henry Alexander Prager | Stellar evolution | | | | |
| Jane Pratt | Stellar Astrophysics, Computational Plasma Physics, MHD | Theory Division | 1997 | 2001 | Leaf Turner (research assistant) |
| Keith Rielage | Astronomy and Astrophysics, Elementary Particles and High Energy Physics | | 2005 | 2008 | Andrew Hime (post-doc) |
| David Roberts | | | | | |
| R. G. Hamish Robertson | neutrinos | | | | |
| Robert Robinson | | | | | |
| C. Paul Robinson | | | | | |
| Filip Ronning | Solid State Physics | | | | |
| Harvey A Rose | Laser plasma interation | | | | |
| Louis Rosen | nuclear physics | | | | |
| Edward Carlo Samson | Bose-Einstein condensates, AMO Physics, Optical Sciences | P Division | 2014 | 2017 | Malcolm Boshier (post-doc) |
| Avadh Saxena | | | | | |
| Barry I. Schneider | theoretical chemistry, atomic and molecular physics, numerical methods and high performance computing | | | | |
| Austin William Schneider | Neutrino physics | | | | |
| Stanley R Seibert | Astroparticle Physics | Physics Physics | | 2010 | Andrew Hime (post-doc), Keith Rielage (post-doc) |
| Ronnie Shepherd | Plasma physics | Physics Physics | | 1987 | Larry Jones (grad student), Don Kania (grad student) |
| Dipen N. Sinha | | Materials Physics & Applications Division | | 1980 | Jack S. Semura (grad student) |
| Nikolai Sinitsyn | | | 2006 | 2009 | Ilya Mark Nemenman (post-doc) |
| Gregory S. Smith | | | | | |
| Cyril Stanley Smith | physical metallurgy | | 1943 | 1946 | Joseph W. Kennedy (research scientist) |
| Darryl Lyle Smith | | | | | |
| Akira Sone | Quantum information | Theoretical Division | 2019 | 2021 | Patrick J. Coles (post-doc) |
| Alexander Spacek | | | | | |
| Greg Stephens | Theoretical Biophysics, Physics of Behavior | | | | Garrett T. Kenyon (post-doc) |
| Gerard James Stephenson | Nonperturbative quantum field theory, low-energy particle properties, especially of neutrinos | | | | |
| Kashi Subedi | | | | | |
| Roger Beatty Sutton | | | 1943 | 1946 | Robert Rathbun Wilson (research scientist) |
| Xian-zhu Zhu Tang | | | | | |
| Antoinette J. Taylor | | | | | |
| Antonia Taylor | | | | | |
| Jeff Terry | Energy, nuclear, photovoltaics, synchrotron radiation | | | | |
| Ingo Tews | Nuclear Theory | | | | |
| David Charles Thompson | physics; optics; detectors; remote sensing | | | | |
| Theos Jardin Thompson | reactor technology | | | | |
| Michelle Thomsen | | | | | |
| James Waldo Toevs | Nuclear Astrophysics | | | | |
| James Leslie Tuck | thermonuclear research | | 1944 | 1946 | Seth H Neddermeyer (research scientist), John L. von Neumann (research scientist) |
| Leaf Turner | | | | | |
| Richard George Van de Water | High Energy Physics | | | | |
| Sven Vogel | | | | | |
| Michael E Wall | X-ray crystallography, diffuse scattering, biophysics, protein dynamics, molecular dynamics simulations | Chemistry, Bioscience | 1999 | 2020 | Jill Trewhella (post-doc) |
| Jay Wechsler | | | | | |
| Theodore Allen Welton | theoretical physics | | | | Richard P. Feynman (research scientist) |
| John C. Wheatley | quantum fluids and solids | | | | |
| Andrew G. White | Physics, quantum optics, quantum information, foundations of quantum mechanics | | 1997 | 1999 | Paul G. Kwiat (post-doc), Richard J. Hughes (post-doc) |
| Roger C. Wiens | | | | | |
| Francis Dudley Williams | IR spectroscopy | | | | |
| William M. Woodward | High energy nuclear physics | | | | |
| Bin Yan | | | | | |
| Dzmitry Yarotski | Optics Physics, Condensed Matter Physics | | | | Antonia Taylor (grad student) |
| Ka Ho Yuen | Multiphase Interstellar Media, Fundamental Turbulence Theory, Space Physics | | | | |
| Jianxin Zhu | | | | | |
| Diego A. Zocco | Condensed Matter Physics, Electricity and Magnetism Physics, Low Temperature Physics | | | | |
| Wojciech Hubert Zurek | Theoretical physics | | | | |
| George Zweig | HEP Theory, Neurobiology | | | | |